Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Theory of Marketing Hierarchical Display of Theory of marketing Trade > Marketing > Marketing Theory of marketing Concept of Theory of marketing See the dictionary definition of Theory of marketing. Characteristics of Theory of marketing [rtbs name="xxx-xxx"] Resources Translation of Theory of marketing [...]...
2. Cultural Relations Hierarchical Display of Cultural relations Social Questions > Culture and religion > Cultural policyEducation And Communications > Education > Education policy > Comparative educationInternational Relations > Cooperation policy > Cooperation policy > Cultural [...]...
3. EC Category D Staff Hierarchical Display of EC category D staff European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > European civil service > European official EC category D staff Concept of EC category D staff See the dictionary definition of EC category D staff. Characteristics of EC category D [...]...
4. Southern Common Market Southern Common Market in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Southern Common Market: Mercado Common del Sur (MERCOSUR) or Mercado Comum do Sui (MERCOSUL). A common market including Argentina, [...]...
5. Market Access Negotiations Market Access Negotiations and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Market Access Negotiations: In the context of the Uruguay Round as well as bilateral trade negotiations, [...]...
6. State Supervision Literature Review on (Local Government) State Supervision of Budgets and Finance In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Julia Beckett offers the following summary about the topic of (Local Government) State Supervision of Budgets and Finance: States have the [...]...
7. Market Power Market Power and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Power: The ability of an individual firm to exert control over prices prevailing in the markets for its products or services. The highest [...]...
8. Market Disruption A condition in which foreign imports of a given product increase in quantity so rapidly as to cause, or threaten to cause, material injury to a competing domestic industry. A finding of market disruption before the International Trade Commission may result in retaliatory actions against the [...]...
9. Market Performance Market Performance and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Performance: The principal focus of competition policy, market performance refers to the degree to which a particular industry or [...]...
10. Market Planning Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
11. Market Stabilization Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
12. Market Study Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
13. Grey Market Grey Market in International Trade Meaning of Grey Market, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A situation that consists of unauthorized traders buying and selling a company's product in different countries. Companies confronted with a grey situation can [...]...
14. Farmer Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
15. Share Farmer Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
16. Tenant Farmer Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
17. EU Institution Hierarchical Display of EU institution European Union > EU institutions and European civil serviceEuropean Union > EU institutions and European civil service > Operation of the Institutions > Appointment of members EU institution Concept of EU institution See the dictionary definition of [...]...
18. Rural Population Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
19. Market Structure Market Structure and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Structure: Refers to the structure of an industry or market, as reflected in the number and size distribution of sellers and buyers, [...]...
20. Spot Market A market for commodities or currency in which the sale results in an immediate or nearly immediate exchange of the goods or instruments for cash, as compared with a futures market, which trades in contracts for the future delivery of the product.......
21. Single Market Summary of Single Market A component feature of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Single Market and Europe There is an entry on single market in the European [...]...
22. Market Failure Market Imperfections or Market Failure and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Market Imperfections or Market Failure: Often refers to two sources of departure from perfect competition, i.e., [...]...
23. Market Risk Market Risk in International Trade Meaning of Market Risk, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The possibility that results at the time a product is delivered may differ from expectations held at a time it was ordered. For instance, the market price may have [...]...
24. Market Access Data Base Market Access Data Base in International Trade Meaning of Market Access Data Base, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Database of the European Union with comprehensive information about tariffs in all countries of the world to European products and [...]...
25. Central American Common Market Summary of Central American Common Market A free trade area among the nations of Central America, established in 1960 by a treaty between El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. The common market began operations in 1961, and Costa Rica joined the group in 1962. Honduras dropped [...]...
26. Commodity Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
27. Domestic Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
28. International Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
29. European Official Hierarchical Display of European official European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > European civil servicePolitics > Executive power and public service > Administrative structures > Civil service > Civil servantLaw > Justice > Legal action > Appeal to the Court (EU) [...]...
30. Market Access Summary of Market Access The degree of participation in the domestic market that a nation allows to foreign suppliers. Tariffs, quotas, and similar protective devices are devices imposed to limit market access. (Main Author: William J. Miller) Market Access and National Treatment in the [...]...
31. Agricultural Market Resources See Also Farming Farm Bill Agricultural Law Agriculture Reform Agriculture...
32. Common Market Summary of Common Market A supranational organization of trading nations, created to promote economic collaboration and minimize constraints on the free movement of goods among the member states. Features of a common market include elimination of tariffs on goods moving between member [...]...
33. Financial Market Resources See Also Trade Market White Market Financial Market Trade Law Competition Law...
34. Agribusiness Summary of Agribusiness That portion of an economy concerned with the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of agricultural commodities. Included in this group would be manufacturers and suppliers of agricultural chemicals and implements and agricultural credit [...]...
35. Gray Market Goods In the United States For information about Gray market goods in the context of international trade, click here...
36. Market Market Reserve Policies and International Trade Resources See Also Economy Economic System Legal System Capitalism Resources See Also Law of Similars...
37. Open Market Captive See Captive Insurance Company.......
38. Market Value Embracing mainstream international law, this section on market value explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "market value" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
39. EC Category C Staff Hierarchical Display of EC category C staff European Union > EU institutions and European civil service > European civil service > European official EC category C staff Concept of EC category C staff See the dictionary definition of EC category C staff. Characteristics of EC category C [...]...
40. Gray Market Definition In the United States For information about Gray Market Definition in the context of international trade, click here...
41. Agricultural Area Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
42. Agricultural Association Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
43. Agricultural Census Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
44. Agricultural Investment Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
45. Arab Common Market Arab Common Market Outline The ACM came into existence in 1965, pursuant to an agreement signed in 1964 by the Arab League states. Its initial members included Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Mauritania, Palestine Liberation Organisation, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yeme......
46. Rural Worker Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
47. Land Settlement Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
48. Market Research Resources See Also Price Policy Price Control Pricing Strategy Dumping...
49. Restitutions Export and producer subsidies granted by the European Economic Community to EEC farmers and processors. The subsidies are a feature of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details......
50. Free Market The economic system of a nation in which market forces determine which goods and services are produced, and at what price they are offered. Free market economies do not contain substantial government controls on resource availability, price levels, or central planning of economic objectives.......
51. Fair Value Fair Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Fair Value: The benchmark against which selling prices of imported merchandise are compared in adumping investigation. In US [...]...
52. Market-Inalienability Contents Market-Inalienability   Margaret Jane Radin   Things that may be given away but not sold are market-inalienable. In this ... Read more...
53. Agricultural Economy Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
54. Agricultural Population Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
55. Variable Levy Variable Levy and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Variable Levy: An import duty that is subject to alteration as world market prices change, designed to ensure that the [...]...
56. Sister Company Sister Company in International Trade Meaning of Sister Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A sister company is a company with close affiliations to another company with a separate name and personnel. Both companies are owned by the same parent and [...]...
57. Black Market Black Market Definition Black Market is the term designating the illicit sale of commodities in violation of government rationing and price-fixing. The term originated in Europe during World War I, when the introduction of rationing in belligerent countries tempted some persons with access [...]...
58. Internal Market Meaning of Internal market Here is a very short concept of internal market in the European Union framework: Another term for the single market; also known as the common market, although that expression has wider connotations. Resources Notas y References See Also...
59. Market Definition and Scope References See Also Business Law Antitrust Laws...
60. Cultivation System Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
61. Extensive Farming Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
62. Farming System Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
63. Forest Area Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
64. Market Intelligence Improving Competitiveness Through Organizational Market Intelligence: Market Intelligence, the Law and other Social Sciences Market intelligence (MI) is a concept that results in real opportunities for knowledge management in organizations. MI is a cyclic process to deliver knowledge for [...]...
65. Rural Area Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
66. Rural Planning Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
67. Rural Welfare Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
68. Rural Youth Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
69. Agronomy Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
70. Apiculture Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
71. Ecofarming Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
72. Grazing Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
73. Horticulture Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
74. Sericulture Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
75. Viticulture Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
76. Settlement Date Settlement Date in International Trade Meaning of Settlement Date, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In banking, the date on which payment for a transaction must be made....
77. Caribbean-Canadian Common Market Caribbean-Canadian Common Market (CARIBCAN) and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Caribbean-Canadian Common Market (CARIBCAN): A non-reciprocal preferential [...]...
78. Export Companies In the United States For information about Export Companies in the context of international trade, click here...
79. Market-Oriented Distribution Center A product distribution center located close to the point of consumption rather than the point of manufacture. For example, an American manufacturer of a product sold in Europe might supply European customers from a (market-oriented) distribution center in Rotterdam, rather than directly from the U.S......
80. Mixed Farming Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
81. Base Price As used in conjunction with the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Economic Community, a trigger price for specific commodities at which member states will intervene to support the market price of a commodity. Member states may respond to a decline in market prices below the base price by la......
82. Money Market Accounts Money Market Accounts regarding Banking Law This content deals with legal and regulatory aspects of Money Market Accounts covered in connexion with financial law and banking / lending Institutions....
83. Fair Market Value The value an imported product would fetch, under similar circumstances of sale, were the goods sold in the country of origin. Customs authorities are usually interested in the fair market value of imported merchandise inasmuch as sales below such value may serve as the basis of a Dumping (...
84. Monoculture Concept of Monoculture An introductory definition of Monoculture is provided here: refers to the use of one genetic strain of plant or animal to replace a diversity of strains Resources See Also Foregin Policy Foreign Affairs Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law [...]...
85. Parent Company Parent Company in International Trade Meaning of Parent Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A parent company, sometimes called a holding company, is a corporation that has subsidiaries which are wholly or partially-owned separate businesses [...]...
86. Rural Migration Resources See Also Urban Issues Urban Planning Urbanization Zoning Law...
87. Reference Price A mechanism of the Common Agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community designed to prevent disruptive import competition for certain vegetables, fruits, f......
88. Market Definition Resources See Also Business Law Antitrust Laws...
89. Market Scope Resources See Also Business Law Antitrust Laws...
90. Caribbean Community and Common Market Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM), organization established in 1973 to promote regional unity and to coordinate economic and foreign policy among Caribbean nations. Member countries include Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, G......
91. Farmers Association Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution Resources See Also Credit Union Cooperative Collective...
92. Withdrawal Price A floor price at which European Economic Community producers of certain food products may withhold their goods from the market. The withdrawal price is generally below the base price (i.e., the target price set for a given commodity) and the purchase price at which EEC governments will intervene in ......
93. Target Price An important concept within the common agricultural policy (read this and related legal terms for further details) of the European Economic Community. It represents an optimum wholesale price within the community for a g......
94. Islamic Common Market Islamic Common Market in International Trade Resources See Also Economic Cooperation Organization....
95. European Internal Market Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard...
96. London Discount Market The group of London discount houses that make a market for short-term government and commercial paper. The discount market is financed by secured loans from the London clearing banks.......
97. Arable Land Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
98. Communal Land Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
99. Cultivated Land Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
100. Social Market Economy Social Market Economy and Europe There is an entry on social market economy in the European legal encyclopedia. Resources See Also Further Reading Entry "Social Market Economy" in the work "A Concise Encyclopedia of the European Union from Aachen to Zollverein", by Rodney [...]...
101. Montant De Soutien A plan devised by the European Economic Community in 1963 as the basis of agricultural trade negotiations during the Kennedy round. The plan is predicated upon a reference price for a given agricultural commodity; any imports below the reference price would incur a levy equal to the spread between t......
102. Green Rate A special rate of exchange used in converting agricultural prices fixed in units of account into national currencies, within the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further deta......
103. Rural Community Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
104. Farm Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Rural Institution...
105. Primary Market A spot commodity market dealing in a local producing area. Ordinarily such markets develop around local transportation centers.......
106. At the Market Resources See Also Market order...
107. Central Market A spot commodity market that serves as a national or regional center of trading activity, and often large-scale distribution of the products as well. Transactions are usually performed by dealers who serve as intermediary brokers between buyers and sellers.......
108. Purchase Price Defined in 19 U.S.C. 162 as the price at which imported merchandise has been purchased, or will be purchased, prior to exportation. It is usually based on the ex factory price excluding any export duties levied in the country of manufacture. Within the framework of the European Economic Community......
109. Market Economy Resources See Also Economy Economic System Legal System Capitalism...
110. Ever-Normal Granary An agricultural price stabilization scheme predicated upon the principle that excess output in years of plenty should be taken off the market, to keep farm prices high and to avoid scarcities during periods of agricultural shortfalls.......
111. Labor Market Policy Resources See Also Labor Employment Law International Labor Law Industrial Safety Labour Labor Right Labor Policy...
112. Intervention Price The price at which the European Economic Community, in accordance with the Common Agricultural Policy (read this and related legal terms for further details), will intervene in the market to buy excess agricultural produ......
113. Industry Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
114. Landless Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
115. Landowner Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
116. Livestock Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
117. Nomad Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
118. Pastoralism Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
119. Sharecropper Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...
120. Tenancy Resources See Also Rural Development Rural Community Land Law Farm Agricultural Law Agriculture...