Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Tariff Schedule Tariff Schedule and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Tariff Schedule: A comprehensive list of the goods, which a country imports, and the import duties applicable to each [...]...
2. Common External Tariff Summary of Common External Tariff The uniform customs tariff applied by all the member states of a customs union or common market to imports from nonmember nations.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Common External Tariff and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT [...]...
3. Tariff Code In the United States For information about Tariff Code in the context of international trade, click here...
4. Harmonized Tariff System In the United States For information about Harmonized Tariff System in the context of international trade, click here...
5. Certificate of Origin A document presented to customs authorities at the time of importation to authenticate the national origin of merchandise. The certificate is customarily issued by a recognized chamber of commerce or governmental authority in the country of origin.......
6. Harmonized System of Tariff Nomenclature In the United States For information about Harmonized System of Tariff Nomenclature in the context of international trade, click here...
7. Tariff Other Popular Tax Definitions in the World Legal Encyclopedia Adjusted Gross Income (sometimes, including Tariff) Ad Valorem Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Alternative Minimum Tax (sometimes, including Tariff) Big Four (audit firms) (sometimes, including Tariff) Black Market (sometimes, [...]...
8. Free Trade Area Summary of Free Trade Area An association of states that seeks to overcome impediments to trade among members by reducing or eliminating tariffs among the participants. The members of a free trade area do not maintain a common external tariff nor do they (usually) provide for the free flow [...]...
9. Import Law In the United States For information about Import Law in the context of international trade, click here...
10. Harmonized System Known formally as the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System.. a product statistical classification system based upon the Customs Cooperation Council Nomenclature (CCCN) and designed to replace various statistical classification schemes now employed by various trading nations....
11. Import Restrictions Import Restrictions and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Restrictions: Measures to limit or control the volume of imports by means of tariffs ornontariff barriers [...]...
12. Country of Origin For customs tariff purposes, the country in which an imported product was manufactured, grown, or produced. When goods pass through more than one country in the process of manufacture, the country of origin does not change unless the product has been transformed substantially; minor [...]...
13. Harmonized Tariff Schedule In the United States For information about Harmonized Tariff Schedule in the context of international trade, click here...
14. Most-favored-nation A privilege granted to a nation to have customs duties levied upon its products at the lowest rate offered to any other nation. Customarily, the extension of most favored nation status is reciprocal. See tariff (Customs).......
15. Commingling In the United States For information about Commingling in the context of international trade, click here...
16. Merchandise In the United States For information about Merchandise in the context of international trade, click here...
17. Royalties In the United States For information about Royalties in the context of international trade, click here Royalties and the Laws of International Trade Royalties Intellectual Property and Competition Law Royalties in International Trade Meaning of Royalties, according to the Dictionary of [...]...
18. Transaction Value The primary method of valuing goods for customs purposes under the Customs Valuation Agreement (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
19. Tariff Schedules Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated, and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of TSUSA (Tariff Schedules of the United States, Annotated): The classification system in which US import data [...]...
20. Tariff Commission For more details on United States International Trade Commission, click here.......
21. Export Companies In the United States For information about Export Companies in the context of international trade, click here...
22. Civil Enforcement In the United States For information about Civil enforcement in the context of international trade, click here...
23. Commercial Environment In the United States For information about Commercial Environment in the context of international trade, click here...
24. Compliance Publications In the United States For information about Compliance publications in the context of international trade, click here...
25. Court of International Trade Proceedings In the United States For information about Court of international trade proceedings in the context of international trade, click here...
26. Invoices In the United States For information about Invoices in the context of international trade, click here...
27. Limitations In the United States For information about Limitations in the context of international trade, click here...
28. Liquidation In the United States For information about Liquidation in the context of international trade, click here...
29. Mitigation In the United States For information about Mitigation in the context of international trade, click here...
30. Warehouse In the United States For information about Warehouse in the context of international trade, click here...
31. Import Licensing Import Licensing and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Import Licensing: Procedures requiring the submission of an application or other documentation (other than those [...]...
32. Importers In the United States For information about Importers in the context of international trade, click here...
33. Invoicing In the United States For information about Invoicing in the context of international trade, click here...
34. Lumber In the United States For information about Lumber in the context of international trade, click here...
35. Customhouse Broker A firm licensed by the U.S. Customs Service to act as the importer's agent in facilitating the clearance of goods through customs. In this capacity, the customhouse broker files all necessary documents with customs to ensure that the merchandise is expeditiously inspected by customs and that pr......
36. Dutiable Status A determination made by customs authorities, in accordance with the laws of the importing nation, as to whether a given imported article is subject to duty, and if so, at what rate. The dutiable status is determined by classifying the merchandise, i.e., determining into which category the [...]...
37. Unfair Trade Remedies In the United States For information about Unfair trade remedies in the context of international trade, click here...
38. International Trade Commission For more details on United States International Trade Commission, click here.......
39. Similitude A practice followed by customs authorities when an imported article does not conveniently fit into any existing classification within the customs tariff. Through the process of similitude, the article will be compared with various like articles listed in the tariff; if there are several comparable a......
40. Preferences Preferences and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Preferences: Special trade advantages granted by an importing country to certain trading partners, in contrast to [...]...
41. Motor Vehicles In the United States For information about Motor vehicles in the context of international trade, click here...
42. Reasonable Care In the United States For information about Reasonable Care in the context of international trade, click here...
43. Trade Laws In the United States For information about Trade Laws in the context of international trade, click here...
44. Customs Union Summary of Customs Union An arrangement among participating countries whereby tariffs are eliminated or virtually eliminated on products moving between members, and a common external tariff (read this and related legal terms for further details) is adopted to provide uniform treatment to [...]...
45. Customs Valuation For importers, the process of estimating the value of a product at customs presents problems that can be just as serious as the actual duty rate charged. The WTO agreement on customs valuation aims for a fair, uniform and neutral system for the valuation of goods for customs purposes — a system that conforms to commercial realities, and which outlaws the use of arbitrary or fictitious customs values. The Committee...
46. Customs Value Customs Value and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Value: A method of valuing imported goods which excludes shipping costs from the final price....
47. Customs Territory The geographical area of a country, its possessions, and surrounding waters within which the customs authority is empowered to impose duties and controls upon foreign merchandise entering therein. The customs territory need not necessarily incorporate all the territory over which a nation [...]...
48. Customs Procedures Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs and Administrative Entry Procedures: Formalities applying to customs clearance of [...]...
49. Customs Harmonization Customs Harmonization and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Customs Harmonization: Intemational efforts to increase the uniformity of customs procedures such as valuation, [...]...
50. Customs Trade Regulations Law of Similars and the GATT Policy Negotiations In relation to the GATT Policy Negotiations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following explanation and/or definition of Law of Similars: Regulations limiting importation of a product or altering its tariff treatment if a "similar" [...]...
51. Customs Legal Issues Customs were the original form of international commercial law. As we have seen in the history of lex mercatoria, the customs existed before any statute of commercial law was made and were often the basis for legislation.(1) Customs in International Trade Meaning of Customs, [...]...
52. Customs Clearance In the United States For information about Customs clearance in the context of international trade, click here...
53. Customs Law ......
54. Customs Cooperation Council An international organization established for the purpose of harmonizing the customs procedures and techniques of member countries. The agency is concerned with the mechanics of customs administration and is not involved in matters relating to tariff levels or similar substantive economic [...]...
55. Customs Entry Read Entry (Customs) as cross-reference.......
56. Customs Invoice Read Invoice as cross-reference.......
57. Customs Valuation Code A uniform system for valuing imports for the application of customs duties. The agreement is a product of the Tokyo Round of multilateral trade negotiations. It provides for five methods of valuing imported merchandise. Transaction value is the price actually paid or payable for the goods, with [...]...
58. Customs Duty Spanish Translation of exemption from customs dutyThis is the legal translation of English to Spanish in relation to exemption from customs duty and / or a definition of this topic: Franquicia Aduanera (in Spanish, without translation of the dictionary entry)....
59. Customs Administration In the United States For information about Customs Administration in the context of international trade, click here...
60. Customs Border Protection In the United States For information about Customs Border Protection in the context of international trade, click here...
61. Customs Brokers In the United States For information about Customs brokers in the context of international trade, click here...
62. Customs Bulletin In the United States For information about Customs Bulletin in the context of international trade, click here...
63. Customs Compliance In the United States For information about Customs Compliance in the context of international trade, click here...
64. Customs Definition In the United States For information about Customs Definition in the context of international trade, click here...
65. Customs Enforcement In the United States For information about Customs enforcement in the context of international trade, click here...
66. Customs Law Definition In the United States For information about Customs Law Definition in the context of international trade, click here...
67. Customs Law Enforcement In the United States For information about Customs Law enforcement in the context of international trade, click here...
68. Customs Law Procedures In the United States For information about Customs Law Procedures in the context of international trade, click here...
69. Customs Law Rules In the United States For information about Customs Law Rules in the context of international trade, click here...
70. Customs Meaning In the United States For information about Customs Meaning in the context of international trade, click here...
71. Customs Regulations In the United States For information about Customs Regulations in the context of international trade, click here...
72. Customs Tariff In the United States For information about Customs Tariff in the context of international trade, click here...
73. Customs Tariff Code In the United States For information about Customs Tariff Code in the context of international trade, click here...
74. Customs Violations In the United States For information about Customs violations in the context of international trade, click here...
75. Customs Area Customs Area in International Trade Meaning of Customs Area, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A geographic area, usually identical to one or several contiguous national political jurisdictions, applying a particular tariff schedule on goods entering or [...]...
76. Customs Bonded Warehouse Customs Bonded Warehouse in International Trade Meaning of Customs Bonded Warehouse, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A government warehouse where goods remain until duty has been collected from the importer....
77. Customs Broker Customs Broker in International Trade Meaning of Customs Broker, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Licensed agent or broker (licensing may not be required in all countries) whose function is to handle the process of clearing goods through customs for importers....
78. Customs Officer Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Tariff Policy...
79. Customs Policy Resources See Also International Trade Trade Regulation International Economic Law Export License International Trade Law Foreign Trade Safeguard Tariff Policy...
80. Customs Border Protection Enforcement In the United States For information about Customs Border Protection Enforcement in the context of international trade, click here...
81. Customs Conventions Contents Customs Conventions Convention on Temporary Admission 26.6.1990 International Convention on the Harmonisation of Frontier Controls of Goods 21.10.1982 Customs ... Read more...
82. Customs Enforcement Area An area not to extend more than fifty miles seaward, beyond the CUSTOMS WATERS (read this and related legal terms for further details). Within this zone customs officers are authorized to enforce U.S. laws if the preside......
83. Customs Of The Port Local usages and practices relative to the handling or discharge of cargo, or the treatment of documents relating thereto. When ambiguities exist in contracts covering the handling of cargo or cargo-related documents, a court or other competent body may apply the customs of the port in interpreting ......
84. Customs Rate The rate of exchange employed by U.S. Customs in converting foreign currency invoices for the purpose of arriving at a value, in U.S. dollars, for imported merchandise. Ad valorem duties are applied on the dollar value. In accordance with the Customs Simplification Act of 1956, the secretary of the......
85. Customs Transit The condition of merchandise that is transiting the customs territory of a nation without having been released from customs jurisdiction. Goods in customs transit are processed under an in transit entry at the time they enter the United States; the in transit, or I.T., entry is effected by filing wi......
86. Customs Waters That portion of the high seas, not to exceed twelve miles from shore, within which law enforcement personnel of the United States are authorized to board foreign craft to enforce American laws. In those cases where a treaty between the United States and another state authorizes boarding in an area o......
87. Customs Territory of the Community Customs territory of the Community and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Customs territory of the Community provided by the European Union Commission: The customs territory of the Community comprises of • Austria, • Belgium, • Denmark, except [...]...
88. Customs Official A Masterful Customs Official: International Incident In the book "International Incidents for Discussion in Conversation Classes", in relation to terminox, L. Oppenheim wrote in 1909: On Dec. 24th, 1907, the following appeared in the morning papers, dated Winnipeg, Dec. 23rd: [...]...
89. Customs Zone Embracing mainstream international law, this section on customs zone explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "customs zone" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, the [...]...
90. Customs Unions Impact of Free Trade Agreements and Customs Unions This section provides an overview of impact of free trade agreements and customs unions within the legal context of Market Access (Customs Regulation) in international economic law (Main Regulatory Areas)....
91. Customs Regulation Market Access: Customs Regulation in International Economic Law In international economic law, market access: customs regulation includes the following legal areas, with coverage in this world legal encyclopedia: li> Harmonised System and Schedules of Concession Modes of Multilateral Tariff [...]...
92. Customs Service Resources See Also Bureau of Customs Custom-house...
93. Customs House Resources See Also Custom-house Customs Service...
94. Customs Duties Resources See Also Customs Tariff...
95. Central African Customs and Economic Union Central African Customs And Economic Union Central African Customs and Economic Union Outline The Central African Customs and Economic Union (CACEU or UDEAC: Union Douanier et Economique de l'Afrique Centrale) The union came into existence in 1966 pursuant to a treaty signed in 1964 by [...]...
96. Czech-Slovak Customs Union Czech-Slovak Customs Union in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Czech-Slovak Customs Union: A customs union linking the Czech Republic and Slovakia, intended to preserve trade relations between [...]...
97. Colombia-Venezuela Customs Union Colombia-Venezuela Customs Union in International Trade Resources See Also Andean Pact....
98. Classification of Law Contents Classifying Law Note: see also Law Classification in this Encyclopedia In many countries, laws originate from three main sources: ... Read more...
99. Classification Summary of Classification The process of determining which product category of the tariff schedules applies to a given imported item. There are more than 7,300 categories in the tariff schedules of the UNITED STATES (read this and related legal terms for further details) and, with very few [...]...
100. Classification of Law Materials Contents Classification of Law Materials General Genre/form The Library of Congress (LC) added, in 2015, the much-anticipated “general genre/form terms” ... Read more...
101. Classification schemes in the UK Contents Classification schemes in the UK “Class K, may be the dominant classification scheme in the United States, but a ... Read more...
102. Classification for Law Libraries Contents Classification for Law Libraries Moys Classification Introduction to the First Edition Part 1: Principles of Library Classification for Law ... Read more...
103. Classification Society An organization that establishes standards for the construction of vessels and certifies vessels as having met the requirements of a given class. The principal classification societies and the cities in which they are based are as follows: American Bureau of Shipping, New York; Det Norske Veritas, H......
104. Classification of Crimes Criminal Law: Classification of Crimes Introduction to Classification of Crimes Crimes are classified in many different ways: common law crimes versus statutory crimes, and crimes that are mala in se (evil in themselves) versus those that are mala prohibita (criminal only because the law says [...]...
105. Classification System Library of Congress Classification System in Law LibrariesThe follow definition of Library of Congress Classification System is of use in law library research: A classification system developed by the Library of Congress for its collection, and used by most of the nation's college and [...]...
106. Classification of Expenditure Classification of expenditure and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Classification of expenditure provided by the European Union Commission: This refers to the distinction made between Union expenditure of which the underlying principle and the amount are legally determined [...]...
107. Product Classification In the United States For information about Product classification in the context of international trade, click here...
108. Tariff Classification In the United States For information about Tariff classification in the context of international trade, click here...
109. Classification of Contracts References See Also Contracts Resources See Also Contracts...
110. Classification (Characterization) Classification (Characterization) in Private International Law This section contain conflict of laws information and cross references related to classification (characterization) on some major countries and additional jurisdictions. It covers key issues involved when citizens face [...]...
111. Cooperative Patent Classification Contents Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) In 2010, the European Patent Office (EPO) and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) ... Read more...
112. Comparative Law Classification (Max Planck Institute) Contents Comparative Law Classification (Max Planck Institute) Notation Classification Rvgl 1. History Rvgl 2. Constitution Rvgl 2.1. Constitution, general aspects ... Read more...
113. Standard International Trade Classification A system for capture of international trade statistics developed under the auspices of the United Nations. The original SITC was adopted by the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations in July 1950. By 1960 many nations were compiling data on a commodity basis; coincidental with the [...]...
114. Standard Industrial Classification SIC (Standard Industrial Classification) and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of SIC (Standard Industrial Classification): The basic system used by the US Commerce Department to categorize similar [...]...
115. Export Control Classification Numbers In the United States For information about Export Control Classification Numbers in the context of international trade, click here...
116. Common Customs Tariff Common Customs Tariff and the Treaties of the European Union Description of Common Customs Tariff provided by the European Union Commission: The common foreign and security policy (CFSP) was established and is governed by Title V of the Treaty on European Union (EU). It replaced European [...]...
117. US Customs Service US Customs Service in relation with International Trade In the context of trade organizations, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of US Customs Service: An agency within the US Department of the Treasury charged with enforcement of the tariff acts and other laws relating [...]...
118. Export Customs Clearance In the United States For information about Export Customs Clearance in the context of international trade, click here...
119. World Customs Organization World Customs Organization World Customs Organization...
120. Convention (II) with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land Contents Convention (II) with Respect to the Laws and Customs of War on Land   Article 1 The High Contracting ... Read more...