Independent Countries

List

• USA United States of America
• CAN Canada
• BHM Bahamas
• CUB Cuba
• HAI Haiti
• HAI Haiti
• DOM Dominican Republic
• JAM Jamaica
• TRI Trinidad and Tobago
• BAR Barbados
• MEX Mexico
• BLZ Belize
• UPC United Provinces of Central America
• GUA Guatemala
• HON Honduras
• SAL El Salvador
• NIC Nicaragua
• COS Costa Rica
• PAN Panama
• GCL Great Colombia
• COL Colombia
• VEN Venezuela
• GUY Guyana
• SUR Surinam
• ECU Ecuador
• PER Peru
• BRA Brazil
• BOL Bolivia
• PAR Paraguay
• CHL Chile
• ARG Argentina
• URU Uruguay
• UKG United Kingdom
• IRE Ireland
• NTH Netherlands
• BEL Belgium
• LUX Luxembourg
• FRN France
• SWZ Switzerland
• SPN Spain
• POR Portugal
• HAN Hanover
• BAV Bavaria
• GMY Germany (Prussia)
• GFR German Federal Republic
• GDR German Democratic Republic
• BAD Baden
• SAX Saxony
• WRT Württemberg
• HSE Hesse-Kassel (Electoral)
• HSD Hesse-Darmstadt (Ducal)
• MEC Mecklenburg-Schwerin
• POL Poland
• AUH Austria-Hungary
• AUS Austria
• HUN Hungary
• CZE Czechoslovakia
• CZR Czech Republic
• SLO Slovakia
• ITA Italy/Sardinia
• PAP Papal States
• SIC Two Sicilies
• MOD Modena
• PMA Parma
• TUS Tuscany
• MLT Malta
• ALB Albania
• MNG Montenegro
• MNG Montenegro
• MAC Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of)
• CRO Croatia
• SER Serbia
• SER Serbia
• YUG Yugoslavia
• BOS Bosnia-Herzegovina
• KOS Kosovo
• SLV Slovenia
• GRC Greece
• CYP Cyprus
• BUL Bulgaria
• MLD Moldova
• RUM Rumania
• RUS Russia (Soviet Union)
• EST Estonia
• EST Estonia
• LAT Latvia
• LAT Latvia
• LIT Lithuania
• LIT Lithuania
• UKR Ukraine
• BLR Belarus (Byelorussia)
• ARM Armenia
• GRG Georgia
• AZE Azerbaijan
• FIN Finland
• SWD Sweden
• NOR Norway
• DEN Denmark
• ICE Iceland
• CAP Cape Verde
• GNB Guinea-Bissau
• EQG Equatorial Guinea
• GAM Gambia
• MLI Mali
• SEN Senegal
• BEN Benin
• MAA Mauritania
• NIR Niger
• CDI Cote D’Ivoire
• GUI Guinea
• BFO Burkina Faso (Upper Volta)
• LBR Liberia
• SIE Sierra Leone
• GHA Ghana
• TOG Togo
• CAO Cameroon
• NIG Nigeria
• GAB Gabon
• CEN Central African Republic
• CHA Chad
• CON Congo
• DRC Congo, Democratic Republic of (Zaire)
• UGA Uganda
• KEN Kenya
• TAZ Tanzania/Tanganyika
• ZAN Zanzibar
• BUI Burundi
• RWA Rwanda
• SOM Somalia
• DJI Djibouti
• ETH Ethiopia
• ERI Eritrea
• ANG Angola
• MZM Mozambique
• ZAM Zambia
• ZIM Zimbabwe (Rhodesia)
• MAW Malawi
• SAF South Africa
• TRA Transvaal
• OFS Orange Free State
• NAM Namibia
• LES Lesotho
• BOT Botswana
• SWA Swaziland
• MAG Madagascar (Malagasy)
• MAG Madagascar
• COM Comoros
• MAS Mauritius
• MOR Morocco
• MOR Morocco
• ALG Algeria
• ALG Algeria
• TUN Tunisia
• TUN Tunisia
• LIB Libya
• LIB Libya
• SUD Sudan
• SSD South Sudan
• IRN Iran (Persia)
• TUR Turkey (Ottoman Empire)
• IRQ Iraq
• EGY Egypt
• EGY Egypt
• SYR Syria
• LEB Lebanon
• JOR Jordan
• ISR Israel
• SAU Saudi Arabia
• YEM Yemen (Arab Republic of Yemen)
• YPR Yemen, People’s Republic of
• KUW Kuwait
• BAH Bahrain
• QAT Qatar
• UAE United Arab Emirates
• OMA Oman
• AFG Afghanistan
• AFG Afghanistan
• TKM Turkmenistan
• TAJ Tajikistan
• KYR Kyrgyz Republic
• UZB Uzbekistan
• KZK Kazakhstan
• CHN China
• TBT Tibet
• MON Mongolia
• TAW Taiwan
• KOR Korea
• PRK Korea, People’s Republic of
• ROK Korea, Republic of
• JPN Japan
• IND India
• BHU Bhutan
• PAK Pakistan
• BNG Bangladesh
• MYA Myanmar (Burma)
• MYA Myanmar (Burma)
• SRI Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
• MAD Maldives
• NEP Nepal
• THI Thailand
• CAM Cambodia (Kampuchea)
• LAO Laos
• VNM Vietnam (Annam/Cochin China/Tonkin)
• DRV Vietnam, Democratic Republic of
• RVN Vietnam, Republic of
• MAL Malaysia
• SIN Singapore
• BRU Brunei
• PHI Philippines
• INS Indonesia
• ETM East Timor
• AUL Australia
• PNG Papua New Guinea
• NEW New Zealand
• SOL Solomon Islands
• FJI Fiji

Note: based on the classification of Gleditsch, Kristian S. & Michael D. Ward. 1999. “Interstate System Membership: A Revised List of the Independent States since 1816.” International Interactions 25: 393-413.

Convention Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries

See Convention Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries

Last articles:

Article 29

The imparting of general knowledge and skills that will help children
belonging to the peoples concerned to participate fully and on an equal footing
in their own community and in the national community shall be an aim of
Education for these peoples.

Article 30

1. Governments shall adopt measures appropriate to the traditions and
cultures of the peoples concerned, to make known to them their rights and
duties, especially in regard to labour, economic opportunities, Education and
health matters, social welfare and their rights deriving from this Convention.

2. If necessary, this shall be done by means of written translations and
through the use of mass communications in the languages of these peoples.

Article 31

Educational measures shall be taken among all sections of the national
community, and particularly among those that are in most direct contact with the
peoples concerned, with the object of eliminating prejudices that they may
harbour in respect of these peoples. To this end, efforts shall be made to
ensure that history Textbooks and other educational materials provide a fair,
accurate and informative portrayal of the societies and cultures of these
peoples.

PART VII. CONTACTS AND CO-OPERATION ACROSS BORDERS

Article 32

Governments shall take appropriate measures, including by means of
international agreements, to facilitate contacts and co-operation between
indigenous and tribal peoples across borders, including activities in the
economic, social, cultural, spiritual and environmental fields.

PART VIII. ADMINISTRATION

Article 33

1. The governmental authority responsible for the matters covered in this
Convention shall ensure that agencies or other appropriate mechanisms exist to
administer the programmes affecting the peoples concerned, and shall ensure that
they have the means necessary for the proper fulfilment of the functions
assigned to them.

2. These programmes shall include:

(a) the planning, co-ordination, execution and evaluation, in co-operation with
the peoples concerned, of the measures provided for in this Convention;

(b) the proposing of legislative and other measures to the competent authorities
and supervision of the application of the measures taken, in co-operation with
the peoples concerned.

PART IX. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 34

The nature and scope of the measures to be taken to give effect to this
Convention shall be determined in a flexible manner, having regard to the
conditions characteristic of each country .

Article 35

The application of the provisions of this Convention shall not adversely
affect rights and benefits of the peoples concerned pursuant to other
Conventions and Recommendations, international instruments, Treaties , or
national laws, awards, custom or agreements.

PART X. FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 36

This Convention revises the Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention,
1957.

Article 37

The formal ratifications of this Convention shall be communicated to the
Director-General of the International Labour Office for registration.

Article 38

1. This Convention shall be binding only upon those Members of the
International Labour Organisation whose ratifications have been registered with
the Director-General.

2. It shall come into force twelve months after the date on which the
ratifications of two Members have been registered with the Director-General.

3. Thereafter, this Convention shall come into force for any Member twelve
months after the date on which its ratification has been registered.

Article 39

1. A Member which has ratified this Convention may denounce it after the
expiration of ten years from the date on which the Convention first comes into
force, by an act communicated to the Director-General of the International
Labour Office for registration. Such denunciation shall not take effect until
one year after the date on which it is registered.

2. Each Member which has ratified this Convention and which does not, within
the year following the expiration of the period of ten years mentioned in the
preceding paragraph, exercise the right of denunciation provided for in this
Article, will be bound for another period of ten years and, thereafter, may
denounce this Convention at the expiration of each period of ten years under the
terms provided for in this Article.

Article 40

1. The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall notify all
Members of the International Labour Organisation of the registration of all
ratifications and denunciations communicated to him by the Members of the
Organisation.

2. When notifying the Members of the Organisation of the registration of the
second ratification communicated to him, the Director-General shall draw the
attention of the Members of the Organisation to the date upon which the
Convention will come into force.

Article 41

The Director-General of the International Labour Office shall communicate to
the Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration in accordance with
Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations full particulars of all
ratifications and acts of denunciation registered by him in accordance with the
provisions of the preceding Articles.

Article 42

At such times as it may consider necessary the Governing Body of the
International Labour Office shall present to the General Conference a report on
the working of this Convention and shall examine the desirability of placing on
the agenda of the Conference the question of its revision in whole or in part.

Article 43

1. Should the Conference adopt a new Convention revising this Convention in
whole or in part, then, unless the new Convention otherwise provides –

(a) the ratification by a Member of the new revising Convention shall ipso jure
involve the immediate denunciation of this Convention, notwithstanding the
provisions of Article 39 above, if and when the new revising Convention shall
have come into force;

(b) as from the date when the new revising Convention comes into force this
Convention shall cease to be open to ratification by the Members.

2. This Convention shall in any case remain in force in its actual form and
content for those Members which have ratified it but have not ratified the
revising Convention.

Article 44

The English and French versions of the text of this Convention are equally
authoritative.

Author: international

Mentioned in these Entries

Charter of the United Nations, Convention Concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries, Education, Textbooks, Treaties, country.