Compliance with International Law

Compliance With International Law

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See Also

  • Foregin Policy
  • Foreign Affairs
  • International Relations

Further Reading

  • Abbott, K., & Snidal, D. (2000). Hard and soft law in international governance. International Organization, 54(3), 421–456.
  • Agon, S. (2016). Is compliance the name of the effectiveness game? Goal-shifting and the dynamics of judicial effectiveness at the WTO. World Trade Review, 1–31.
  • Alter, K. (2001). Establishing the supremacy of European law: The making of an international rule of law in Europe. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Alter, K., & Meunier, S. (2006). Nested and overlapping regimes in the transatlantic Banana trade dispute. Journal of European Public Policy, 13(3), 362–382.
  • Arend, A., & Beck, R. (1993). International law and the use of force: Beyond the UN Charter paradigm. New York: Routledge.
  • Austin, J. (1832). The providence of jurisprudence determined. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Axelrod, R. (1984). The evolution of cooperation. New York: Basic Books.
  • Axelrod, R., & Keohane, R. (1986). Achieving cooperation under anarchy: Strategies and institutions. In K. Oye (Ed.), Cooperation under anarchy (pp. 1–24). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Baccini, L., & Urpelainen, J. (2014). Before ratification: Understanding the timing of international treaty effects on domestic policies. International Studies Quarterly, 58(1), 29–43.
  • Barrett, S. (2007). Why cooperate? The incentive to supply global public goods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Bechtel, M., & Scheve, K. (2013). Mass support for global climate change agreements depends on institutional design. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 11(34), 13763–13768.
  • Black, D. (1999). The long and winding road: International norms and domestic political change in South Africa. In T. Risse, S. Ropp, & K. Sikkink (Eds.), The power of human rights (pp. 78–108). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bodansky, D. (2013) Legitimacy in international law and international relations. In J. Dunoff, & M. Pollack, Interdisciplinary perspectives on international law: The state of the art (pp. 321–344). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Börzel, T., Hofmann, T., & Panke, D. (2012). Caving in or sitting it out? Longitudinal patterns of non-compliance in the European Union. Journal of European Public Policy, 19(4), 454–471.
  • Brewster, R. (2013). Reputation in international relations and international law theory. In J. Dunoff & M. Pollack (Eds.), Interdisciplinary perspectives on international law: The state of the art (pp. 524–543). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Brewster, R. (2009). Unpacking the state’s reputation. Harvard International Law Journal, 50(2), 231–269.
  • Brown Weiss, E., & Jacobson, H. (1998). Engaging countries: Strengthening compliance with international environmental accords. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Brunée, J., & Toope, S. (2010). Legitimacy and legality in international law: An interactional account. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bull, H. (1977). The anarchical society. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Byers, M. (Ed.). (2000). The role of law in international politics. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Carpenter, C. (2007). Setting the advocacy agenda: Issues and non-issues around children and armed conflict. International Studies Quarterly, 51(1), 99–120.
  • Chaudoin, S. (2014). Promises or policies? An experimental analysis of international agreements and audience reactions. International Organization, 68(1), 235–256.
  • Chayes, A., & Chayes, A. H. (1991). Compliance without enforcement: State behavior under regulatory treaties. Negotiation Journal, 7(3), 311–330.
  • Chayes, A., & Chayes, A. H. (1995). The new sovereignty. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Checkel, J. (2001). Why comply? Social learning and European identity change. International Organization, 55(3), 553–588.
  • Chilton, A. (2015). The laws of war and public opinion: An experimental study. Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 171(1), 181–201.
  • Chilton, A., & Tingley, D. (2013). Why the study of international law needs experiments. Columbia Journal of Transnational Law, 52(1), 173–237.
  • Cole, W. (2015a). Mind the gap: State capacity and the implementation of human rights treaties. International Organization, 69(2), 405–441.
  • Cole, W. (2015b). International human rights and domestic income inequality: A difficult case of compliance in world society. American Sociological Review.
  • Conrad, C. (2014). Divergent incentives for dictators: Domestic institutions and (international promises not to) torture. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 58(1), 34–67.
  • Conrad, C., & Hencken Ritter, C. (2013). Treaties, tenure, and torture: The conflicting domestic effects of international law. Journal of Politics, 75(2), 397–409.
  • Conrad, C., Hill, D., & Moore, W. (2015). Torture and the limits of democratic institutions. Working paper.
  • Dai, X. (2006). The conditional nature of democratic compliance. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 50(5), 690–713.
  • Davey, W. (2006). The WTO: Looking forwards. Journal of International Economic Law, 9(1), 3–29.
  • Davis, C. (2012). Why adjudicate? Enforcing trade rules in the WTO. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Desierto, D. (2012). Necessity and national emergency clauses. Leiden, The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff.
  • Downs, G., & Jones, M. (2002). Reputation, compliance, and international law. Journal of Legal Studies, 31, S95–S114.
  • Downs, G., Rocke, D., & Barsoom, P. (1996). Is the good news about compliance good news about cooperation? International Organization, 50(3), 379–406.
  • Dunoff, J., Ratner, S., & Wippman, D. (2010). International law: Norms, actors, process: A problem-oriented approach. New York: Aspen.
  • Farber, D. (2002). Rights as signals. Journal of Legal Studies, 31(1), 83–98.
  • Fariss, C. (2015). The changing standard of accountability and the positive relationship between human rights treaty ratification and compliance. British Journal of Political Science. Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2517457.
  • Fearon, J., & Wendt, A. (2002). Rationalism v. constructivism: A skeptical view. In W. Carlsnaes, T. Risse, & B. Simmons (Eds.), Handbook of international relations (pp. 52–72). London: SAGE.
  • Finnemore, M., & Sikkink, K. (1998). International norm dynamics and political change. International Organization, 52(4), 887–917.
  • Fisher, R. (1981). Improving compliance with international law. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.
  • Franck, T. (1990). The power of legitimacy among nations. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Franck, T. (1995). Fairness in international law and institutions. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Gartzke, E., & Gleditsch, K. (2004). Why democracies may actually be less reliable allies. American Journal of Political Science, 48(4), 775–795.
  • Geddes, B. (1990). How the cases you choose affect the answers you get: Selection bias in comparative politics. Political Analysis, 2(1), 131–150.
  • Gibler, D. (2008). The cost of reneging: Reputation and alliance formation. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 52(2), 426–454.
  • Goldsmith, J., & Posner, E. (2005). The limits of international law. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Goodman, R., & Jinks, D. (2004). How to influence states: Socialization and international human rights law. Duke Law Journal, 54(3), 621–703.
  • Goodman, R., & Jinks, D. (2008). Incomplete internalization and compliance with human rights law. European Journal of International Law, 19(4), 725–748.
  • Goodman, R., & Jinks, D. (2013). Socializing states: Promoting human rights through international law. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Grieco, J., Gelpo, C., & Warren, T. (2009). When preferences and commitments collide: The effect of relative partisan shifts on international treaty compliance. International Organization, 63(2), 341–355.
  • Grotius, H. (1625). On the law of war and peace. Whitefish, VT: Kessinger.
  • Guzman, A. (2008). How international law works: A rational choice theory. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Haas, P. (1989). Do regimes matter? Epistemic communities and Mediterranean pollution control. International Organization, 43(3), 377–403.
  • Haas, P. (2002). UN conferences and constructivist governance of the environment. Global Governance, 8(1), 73–91.
  • Hafner-Burton, E. (2005). Trading human rights: How preferential trading agreements influence government repression. International Organization, 59(3), 593–629.
  • Hafner-Burton, E. (2009). Forced to be good: Why trade agreements boost human rights. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Hafner-Burton, E., LeVeck, B., & Victor, G. (2015). How the prospect of non-compliance affects elite preferences for international cooperation: Evidence from a ‘Lab in the Field’ experiment. ILAR Working Paper no. 28. Retrieved from https://www.pagesucsd.edu/~ehafner/pdfs/ILAR_Working-Paper_28.pdf.
  • Hafner-Burton, E., LeVeck, B., & Victor, G. (2016). Punitive power: How international law helps activists. Journal of Politics. Retrieved from https://pages.ucsd.edu/~ehafner/pdfs/ILAR_working-paper_23.pdf.
  • Hafner-Burton, E., & Tsutsui, K. (2005). Human rights in a globalizing world: The paradox of empty promises. American Journal of Sociology, 110(5), 1373–1411.
  • Hafner-Burton, E., & Tsutsui, K. (2007). Justice lost! The failure of international human rights law to matter where needed most. Journal of Peace Research, 44(4), 407–425.
  • Hart, H. L. A. (1997 [1961]). The concept of law. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Hathaway, O. (2002). Do human rights treaties make a difference? Yale Law Journal, 111(8), 1935–2042.
  • Hathaway, O. (2007). Why do countries commit to human rights treaties? Journal of Conflict Resolution, 51(4), 588–621.
  • Helfer, L. (2013). Flexibility in international agreements. In J. Dunoff & M. Pollack, Interdisciplinary perspectives on international law: The state of the art (pp. 175–196). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Henkin, L. (1979). How nations behave. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Hill, D. (2010). Estimating the effects of human rights Treaties on state behavior. Journal of Politics, 72(4), 1161–1174.
  • Hobbes, T. (2006 [1651]). Leviathan. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Howse, R., & Teitel, R. (2010). Beyond compliance: Rethinking why international law really matters. Global Policy, 1(2), 127–136.
  • Hyde, S. (2015). Experiments in international relations: Lab, survey, and field. Annual Review of Political Science, 18, 403–424.
  • Jepperson, R., Wendt, A., & Katzenstein, P. (1996). Norms, identity, and culture in international security. In P. Katzenstein (Ed.), The culture of national security (pp. 33–75). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
  • Johnston, A. (2001). Treating international institutions as social environments. International Studies Quarterly, 45(4), 487–515.
  • Keck, M., & Sikkink, K. (1999). Transnational advocacy networks in international and regional politics. International Social Science Journal, 51(159), 89–101.
  • Kelley, J. (2007). Who keeps international commitments and why? The international criminal court and bilateral nonsurrender agreements. American Political Science Review, 101(3), 573–589.
  • Keohane, R. (1984). After hegemony: Cooperation and discord in the world political economy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Keohane, R. (1995). Reciprocity in international relations. International Organization, 40(1), 1–27.
  • Keohane, R. (1997). International relations and international law: Two optics. Harvard International Law Journal, 38(2), 487–502.
  • Khagram, S., J. Riker, & K. Sikkink. (2002). Restructuring world politics: transnational social movements, networks, and norms. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Kingsbury, B. (1998). The concept of compliance as a function of competing conceptions of international law. Michigan Journal of International Law, 19(2), 345–372.
  • Koh, H. H. (1997). Why do nations obey international law? Yale Law Journal, 106(8), 2599–2659.
  • Koh, H. H. (1998). Bringing international law home. Houston Law Review, 35(3), 623–681.
  • Koh, H. H. (2005). Internalization through socialization. Duke Law Journal, 54(4), 975–983.
  • Koremenos, B. (2001). Loosening the ties that bind: A learning model of agreement flexibility. International Organization, 55(2), 289–325.
  • Koremenos, B. (2005). Contracting around international uncertainty. American Political Science Review, 99(4), 549–565.
  • Koremenos, B., Lipson, C., & Snidal, D. (2001). The rational design of international institutions. International Organization, 55(4), 761–799.
  • Krasner, S. (Ed.). (1982). International regimes. International Organization, 36(2), 185–510.
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  • Kucik, J., & Reinhardt, E. (2008). Does flexibility promote cooperation? An application to the global trade regime. International Organization, 62(3), 477–505.
  • Lebovic, J., & Voeten, E. (2009). The cost of shame: International organizations and foreign aid in the punishing of human rights violators. Journal of Peace Research, 46(1), 79–97.
  • Leeds, B. A. (2003). Alliance reliability in times of war: Explaining state decisions to violate treaties. International Organization, 57(4), 801–827.
  • Lupu, Y. (2013). The informative power of treaty commitment: Using the spatial model to address selection effects. American Journal of Political Science, 57(4), 912–925.
  • Leebron, D. (2002). Linkages. The American Journal of International Law, 96(1), 5–27.
  • Lupu, Y. (2015). Legislative veto players and the effects of international human rights agreements. American Journal of Political Science, 59(3), 578–594.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1989 [1532]). The Prince. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Mansfield, E., Milner, H., & Rosendorff, B. P. (2002). Why democracies cooperate more: Electoral control and international trade agreements. International Organization, 56(3), 477–513.
  • Martin, L. (2000). Democratic commitments. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Martin, L. (2013). Against compliance. In J. Dunoff & M. Pollack (Eds.), Interdisciplinary perspectives on international law: The state of the art (pp. 591–612). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • McGillivray, F., & Smith, A. (2000). Trust and cooperation through agent-specific punishments. International Organization, 54(4), 809–824.
  • Mearsheimer, J. (1994–1995). The false promise of international institutions. International Security, 19(3), 5–49.
  • Milner, H. (1997). Interests, institutions, and information: domestic politics and international relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Mitchell, R. (1994). Regime design matters: Intentional oil pollution and treaty compliance. International Organization, 48(3), 425–458.
  • Mitchell, S. M., & Hensel, P. (2007). International institutions and compliance with agreements. American Journal of Political Science, 51(4), 721–737.
  • Montoya, C. (2008). The European Union, capacity building, and transnational networks: Combating violence against women through the Daphne Program. International Organization, 62(2), 359–372.
  • Moore, D H. (2003). A signaling theory of human rights compliance. Northwestern University Law Review, 97(2), 879–910.
  • Moravcsik, A. (1999). Is something rotten in the state of Denmark? Constructivism and European integration. Journal of European Public Policy, 6(4), 669–681.
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  • Morrow, J. (2002). The laws of war, common conjectures, and legal systems in international politics. Journal of Legal Studies, 31(S1), S41–60.
  • Morrow, J. (2007). When do states follow the laws of war? American Political Science Review, 101(3), 559–572.
  • Morrow, J. (2014). Order within anarchy: The laws of war as an international institution. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  • Muchlinski, P. (2014). Corporations in international law. Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law.
  • Nelson, S. (2010). Does compliance matter? Assessing the relationship between sovereign risk and compliance with international law. Review of International Organizations, 5(2), 107–139.
  • Neumayer, E. (2005). Do international human rights treaties improve respect for human rights? Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49(6), 925–953.
  • Ohlin, J. (2015). The assault on international law. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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  • Poast, P. (2012). Does Issue Linkage Work? Evidence from European Alliance Negotiations, 1860 to 1945. International Organization, 66(2), 277–310.
  • Pollack, M. (2003). The engines of European integration: Delegation, agency, and agenda setting in the EU. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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  • Rajagopal, B. (2003). International law from below: development, social movements and Third World resistance. New York: Cambridge University Press.
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  • Rickard, S. (2010). Democratic differences: Electoral institutions and compliance with GATT/WTO agreements. European Journal of International Relations, 16(4), 711–729.
  • Risse, T., Ropp, S., & Sikkink, K. (2013). The persistent power of human rights. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Risse, T., & Sikkink, K. (1999). The socialization of international human rights norms into domestic practices: Introduction. In T. Risse, S. Ropp, & K. Sikkink (Eds.), The power of human rights. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
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  • Rosendorff, B. P., & Milner, H. (2001). The optimal design of international trade institutions: Uncertainty and escape. International Organization, 55(4), 829–857.
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  • Schimmelfennig, F., Engert, S., & Knobel, H. (2003). Costs, commitment and compliance: The impact of EU democratic conditionality on Latvia, Slovakia and Turkey. Journal of Common Market Studies, 41(3), 495–518.
  • Setear, J. (2002). The president’s rational choice of a treaty’s preratification pathway: Article II, congressional-executive agreement, or executive agreement? Journal of Legal Studies, 31(1), S5–S31.
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