Related Entries of the International Encyclopedia:

1. Cash Flow Forecasting Literature Review on Cash Flow Forecasting In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] William R. Voorhees and Jeongwoo Kim provide the following summary about the topic of Cash Flow Forecasting: Cash flow forecasting is the process of identifying future cash [...]...
2. Accrual Accounting Method Description of Accrual Accounting Method In this reference work, accrual accounting method is a sort of the Accounting category. Description of Accrual Accounting Method Resources See Also Accounting Method Resources See Also Cash-Basis Accounting Method Internal Revenue Taxation Accounting...
3. Profit The Legal History of Profit in Islamic Law This section provides an overview of Profit in Islamic Law Profit in International Trade Meaning of Profit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The financial gain resulting from selling goods or services at a price [...]...
4. Capital Budgeting Literature Review on Capital Budgeting In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Jane Beckett-Camarata offers the following summary about the topic of Capital Budgeting: This entry describes the state and local government capital budgeting process. It emphasizes [...]...
5. Capital Summary of Capital Goods employed in the pursuit of commercial profit. Capital is one of the traditional factors of production, along with land and labor; some neofactor theorists also include entrepreneurship as a fourth factor, although traditional thought would regard entrepreneurial [...]...
6. Cost Accounting Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
7. Financial Accounting Financial accounting includes information disseminated to parties that are not part of the enterprise proper—stockholders, creditors, customers, suppliers, regulatory commissions, financial analysts, and trade associations—although the information is also of interest to the [...]...
8. Capital Flow Resources See Also Finance Consumer Credit Negotiable Instrument Securities Financial Regulation Corporate Finance...
9. Yo-Yo Effect A condition that arises under the rules of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and related legal terms for further details) when a foreign company's total monetary assets differ from its t......
10. Cash Income Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
11. International Fisheries Company Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on international fisheries company case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "international fisheries company case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
12. Armstrong Cork Company Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on armstrong cork company case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "armstrong cork company case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
13. Bolivar Railway Company Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on bolivar railway company case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "bolivar railway company case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
14. Electricity Company of Sofia Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on electricity company of sofia case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "electricity company of sofia case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
15. Orinoco Steamship Company Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on orinoco steamship company case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "orinoco steamship company case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary [...]...
16. Standard Oil Company Tankers Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on standard oil company tankers case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "standard oil company tankers case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
17. Cost Effectiveness Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
18. French Company of Venezuela Railroads Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on french company of venezuela railroads case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "french company of venezuela railroads case" in the Parry and Grant [...]...
19. Cash Resources See Also Legal tender Petty cash...
20. Managerial Accouting ContentsManagerial AccoutingMore Accounting EntriesSpecialized AccountingFinancial ReportingAccounting PrinciplesThe Balance SheetThe Income StatementRegulations and Standards in the United StatesSee Also Managerial Accouting ... Read more...
21. Cash Commodity A tangible, physical commodity or financial instrument, the delivery of which to a purchaser could be effected immediately or nearly so.......
22. Cash Price The same as SPOT price (read this and related legal terms for further details), as used in grain transactions.......
23. Company Law The Legal History of Company Law This section provides an overview of Company Law Applied Company Law Contents of Applied Company Law Contents of this subject matter include: Introduction; Alternative Business Structures Characteristics of a Company Company's liability in Crime, Contract [...]...
24. Cash Against Documents Cash Against Documents (CAD) in International Trade Meaning of Cash Against Documents (CAD), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Payment terms used in bank collections that require the drawee to pay before receiving certain documents. Typically, the drawer [...]...
25. Cash in Advance Cash in Advance (CAI) in International Trade Meaning of Cash in Advance (CAI), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Payment term in which the exporter receives payment before shipment of the goods. This minimizes the exporter's risk and financial costs, [...]...
26. Cash on Delivery Cash on Delivery (COD) in International Trade Meaning of Cash on Delivery (COD), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A payment term under which payment for the shipped goods is to be made to the carrier at time of delivery. This practice is not recommended [...]...
27. Cash With Order Cash With Order (CWO) in International Trade Meaning of Cash With Order (CWO), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A payment term whereby the buyer remits the money at the time the order is placed. Under this term, the buyer is actually extending credit to [...]...
28. Cash Surrender Value Resources See Also Cash value option...
29. Cash Sale Resources See Also Sale Time-price differential...
30. Cash Benefit Resources See Also Social Protection Social Security Employment Affairs Welfare State...
31. Cash Sickness Benefit Resources See Also Social Protection Social Security Employment Affairs Welfare State Health...
32. Affiliate Company Definition of Affiliate Company in International Trade The following is a concept of Affiliate Company in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A Company that is less than 50% owned by a parent company; the parents acts as [...]...
33. Capital Account Entries in a nation's balance of payment accounts reflecting long- or shortterm loans made to other countries, or by other countries to the recording nation. See Balance of Payments.......
34. Cargo-Carrying Capacity Synonymous with Deadweight Tonnage (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
35. Cost Containment Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
36. Equipment Cost Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
37. Low Cost Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
38. Profitability Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
39. Capital Consumption Allowance The entry, in national income accounting, that represents the aggregate consumption of capital equipment and facilities, i.e., depreciation incurred by the nation's business sector, as well as the aggregate of business casualty losses to plant and equipment during the reporting period.......
40. Chinese Law History of Chinese Law See the main entry for information about the legal developments in the Shang Dynasty, Western Chou Dynasty, Eastern Chou, Spring and Autumn, Eastern Chou, Warring States, and Qin State and Empire, Han Empire, Three Kingdoms, Chin, and Southern Dynasties, The Northern [...]...
41. Corporation Sociedad Anónima (s.a.) in International Trade Meaning of Sociedad Anónima (s.a.), according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): In Spain, México and Latin America designation for a joint stock company with limited personal to shareholders. See [...]...
42. Sister Company Sister Company in International Trade Meaning of Sister Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A sister company is a company with close affiliations to another company with a separate name and personnel. Both companies are owned by the same parent and [...]...
43. Accounting Law Introduction This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of accounting law, with a description of the most significant features of accounting law at international level. Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Sec Filings, Regulatory Deadlines, And [...]...
44. Gold Flow Also known as gold movements, the pattern by which monetary gold enters and leaves a country. Theoretically, an inflow of gold should expand the national monetary supply; conversely, an export of gold should contract the money supply, thus eliminating imbalances in international payments over time. ......
45. Working Capital Summary of Working Capital A measurement of a firm's liquidity, determined by the excess of current assets over current liabilities. The ratio so derived is the working capital ratio.(Main Author: William J. Miller) Literature Review on Working Capital In the Encyclopedia of [...]...
46. Cash Value Resources See Also Actual cash value Cash surrender value Fair cash value Fair market value Market value...
47. Transborder Data Flow Summary of Transborder Data Flow The movement of information across international boundaries. Laws restricting the movement of data across borders have been enacted in some countries and contemplated in others, ostensibly to protect individual privacy. Restrictions on the movement of [...]...
48. Cambodia The Legal History of Cambodia This section provides an overview of Cambodia Resources See Also Legal System Country Jurisdiction Immigration Consulate Resources See Also Legal Biography Legal Traditions Historical Laws History of Law Further Reading Cambodia in the Oxford International [...]...
49. Cash Bail Resources See Also Bail...
50. Transnational Data Flow Resources See Also Library Law Library Legal Deposit Public Law Library Information Science Research Investigation Legal Research Study...
51. Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No 52 A set of accounting rules governing offshore and multicurrency transactions, adopted in 1981 and mandatory for use by December 15, 1984. FASB 52 replaces Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and re......
52. Case Law Research Case Law Research Court Opinions-Publication There is more information about this subjet related to the field of legal research in the legal encyclopedia.Internet and Computer-Aided Research There is more information about this subjet related to the field of legal research in the legal [...]...
53. Canevaro Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on canevaro case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "canevaro case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law (currently, [...]...
54. Capital Punishment World Trends Capital Punishment World TrendsFor most of recorded history, capital punishment was available to every government for especially serious crimes and often for a great variety of less serious offenses. The term felony, which today signifies all serious crime, was the traditional classificatio......
55. Confidentiality Agreement Confidentiality Agreement in International Trade Meaning of Confidentiality Agreement, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A type of contract used to protect sensitive technical or commercial information from disclosure to others. Such agreement is often [...]...
56. Overhead Cost Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles...
57. Long-Term Capital Transactions A component in a nation's balance of payment accounting, long-term capital transactions represent loans with a maturity of more than one year granted to or obtained from foreigners, including direct and portfolio investments......
58. Umbrella Company A local subsidiary of a multinational corporation that permits each product division to operate separately but retains at local headquarters the responsibility for cash management, advertising, and physical distribution. The object of such a company is to permit autonomy among product lines without ......
59. Accounting Standards International Accounting Standards International accounting standards are promulgated by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the International Standards Committee (IASC). The IASB is the the "independent standard-setting body" of the International Financial [...]...
60. Capacity Building Capacity Building Literature Review on (Nonprofit Organizations) Capacity Building In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Catherine H. Brown offers the following summary about the topic of (Nonprofit Organizations) Capacity Building: Capacity building in [...]...
61. Nationality of Company Nationality of Company/corporation Embracing mainstream international law, this section on nationality of company/corporation explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "nationality of company/corporation" in the [...]...
62. Accounting Lawsuit Introduction This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of accounting lawsuit, with a description of the most significant features of accounting lawsuit at international level. Related Work and Conclusions Resources See Also References (Papers) Materials On Accounting For Lawyers. [...]...
63. Accounting Principles ContentsAccounting PrinciplesRead about AccountingSee Also Accounting Principles Accounting as it exists today may be viewed as a system of assumptions, ... Read more...
64. Capital Markets Literature Review on Capital Markets In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Kenneth A. Kriz and Peter J. Kiedrowski provide the following summary about the topic of Capital Markets: This entry sketches the dimensions of the municipal capital markets. It [...]...
65. Company Union Company union in the International Trade Union Rights Area Definition of Company union provided by ITUC-CSI-IGB: Can be used to describe either an enterprise union or a yellow union. Resources See Also Trade Unionism Trade Union Chartism Trade Union Legislation Resources Trade Union Topics [...]...
66. Advisory Capacity Definition of Advisory Capacity in International Trade The following is a concept of Advisory Capacity in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term indicating that an agent or representative is not empow_ered to make [...]...
67. Holding Company Holding Company in International Trade Meaning of Holding Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Holding companies are corporations that are created for the sole purpose of obtaining and managing a controlling interest in other companies. There are [...]...
68. Case Oscar Chinn Embracing mainstream international law, this section on case oscar chinn explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "chinn, oscar, case" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law [...]...
69. Electricité De Beyrouth Company Electricité de Beyrouth Company Embracing mainstream international law, this section on electricité de beyrouth company explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "electricité de beyrouth company" in the Parry [...]...
70. Compensation Deal A semibarter arrangement in which goods are purchased partially in cash and partially with other goods.......
71. Foreign Entity Within the meaning of financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 8 (read this and related legal terms for further details) relative to accounting for foreign currency transactions, aforeign entity is an affiliate......
72. Export Trading Company Export Trading Company and International Trade Economy In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Export Trading Company: (Also known as an export management company.) A private firm that provides related-related services to other [...]...
73. Contract Manufacturing Contract Manufacturing in International Trade Meaning of Contract Manufacturing, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Contract manufacturing in international markets is used in situations when one company arranges for another company in a different country to [...]...
74. Trade-related Issues Trade Agreements and Trade-related Issues In relation to the international law practice and other trade agreements and trade-related issues in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, and Transportation About this [...]...
75. Provincial Subsidies Award in Arbitration on Provincial Subsidies: Case No. 81010 In relation to the international law practice and Award in Arbitration on Provincial Subsidies: Case No. 81010 in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section: Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, [...]...
76. Net Capacity Synonymous with deadweight Tonnage (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
77. Capital Flight The movement of significant capital resources from a country in response to unstable economic or political conditions.......
78. Financial Accounting Standards Board A private, non-profit organization concerned with formulating standards for financial accounting and reporting by U.S. industry. The FASB is independent of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) and other professional bodies. In 1973 the FASB succeeded the Accounting Principl......
79. Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No 8 A far-reaching and controversial pronouncement by the Financial Accounting Standards Board governing accounting practices used by American firms in transactions involving foreign currencies. The pronouncement, known commonly as FASB 8, came into effect for fiscal years beginning January 1, 1976. Am......
80. Offshore Finance Company Synonymous with Foreign Base Finance Company (read this and related legal terms for further details).......
81. Smes Smes in International Trade Meaning of Smes, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The acronym for small and medium size enterprises. While the definition varies, SMEs are generally considered to be companies that have no more than one-their capital held by a [...]...
82. Unidroit Unidroit Unidroit in International Trade Meaning of Unidroit, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): The Institute for the Unification of Private Law is an international governmental organization headquartered in Rome whose tasks are to study needs and [...]...
83. Case Concerning Trial of Pakistani Prisoners of War Embracing mainstream international law, this section on case concerning trial of pakistani prisoners of war explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "pakistani prisoners of war, case concerning trial of" in the [...]...
84. Union Bridge Company Claim Embracing mainstream international law, this section on union bridge company claim explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "union bridge company claim" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic Dictionary of [...]...
85. Case Concerning Barcelona Traction, Light, and Power Company 2 Contents Case Concerning Barcelona Traction, Light, and Power Company 2ConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these ... Read more...
86. Collectibles Vintage Collectibles Vintage...
87. Corporate Governance Law Corporate Governance Law......
88. Peru The Legal History of Peru This section provides an overview of Peru Implementation: United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement ("ptpa") In relation to the international law practice and Implementation: United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement ("ptpa") in this world [...]...
89. Accountant Resources See Also Bookkeeping Accounting Accounting Ethics Public Accountant Accounting Principles Resources See Also Cost Resources See Also Auditor...
90. Accounting Accounting Definition Accounting may be defined as the process of identifying, measuring, recording (see Bookkeeping), and communicating economic information about an organization or other entity, in order to permit informed judgments by users of the information. Introduction [...]...
91. Parent Company Parent Company in International Trade Meaning of Parent Company, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A parent company, sometimes called a holding company, is a corporation that has subsidiaries which are wholly or partially-owned separate businesses [...]...
92. Spot Cash Spot Cash in International Trade Meaning of Spot Cash, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Immediate cash payment in a transaction, as opposed to payment at some future time....
93. Mexican Eagle Oil Company Dispute Mexican Eagle Oil Company Dispute (1938) Embracing mainstream international law, this section on mexican eagle oil company dispute (1938) explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "mexican eagle oil company dispute [...]...
94. Actual Cash Value Resources See Also Actual value Cash value Fair market value Fair value...
95. Accounting for Nonbusiness Organizations ContentsAccounting for Nonbusiness OrganizationsMore Accounting EntriesFinancial ReportingAccounting PrinciplesThe Balance SheetThe Income StatementRegulations and Standards in the United StatesSee Also Accounting ... Read more...
96. Assets and Liabilities ContentsAssets and LiabilitiesAssets and Liabilities DefinitionsIn AccountancyIndividualsCompaniesCountriesMore Accounting EntriesSpecialized AccountingFinancial ReportingAccounting PrinciplesThe Balance SheetThe Income StatementRegulations and Standards in the ... Read more...
97. Subpart F A provision of the Internal Revenue Code (Sections 951-64) that imposes U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of "controlled foreign corporations." Subpart F was incorporated into the Code by the Revenue Act of 1962; prior to that time, earnings by foreign subsidiaries of U.S. fi......
98. Guaranty Introduction to Guaranty Guaranty, in law, obligation undertaken by one party to answer for the default of another. It is an agreement by one person to answer to another for the debt, or the performance of some contract or duty in case of default, of a third person who is originally liable for [...]...
99. History of Chinese Law Shang Dynasty (c.16th?11th Century BCE)For more information about this section, in the context of legal history, see the main entry in this legal encyclopedia. Western Chou Dynasty (c.1045?771 BCE)For more information about this section, in the context of legal history, see the [...]...
100. Kompass Kompass in International Trade Meaning of Kompass, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): Kompass is the leading online global business directory with nearly 4 million registered businesses in 60 countries. The search can be done by country, product or company [...]...
101. Managing Director Managing Director in International Trade Meaning of Managing Director, according to the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A managing director is someone who is responsible for the daily operations of a company, organization, or corporate division. In some countries, the [...]...
102. Capital Felony Concept of Capital Felony Note: explore also the meaning of this legal term in the American Ecyclopedia of Law. Resources See Also Judiciary...
103. Nml Capital V. Spaceport Systems Nml Capital v Spaceport Systems in 2011 United States views on international law (based on the document "Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law"): See Section A.2.a.(1), supra, for discussion of this case considering whether Argentina's contribution to a satellite for [...]...
104. Social Capital Social Capital in Community Policing In this area, a meaning of Social Capital is available: A reservoir of good will between police officers and the community that police officers can draw on when issues arise that concern the community. Resources See Also Further Reading Information [...]...
105. Mexican Union Railway Company Claim Embracing mainstream international law, this section on mexican union railway company claim explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "mexican union railway company claim" in the Parry and Grant Encyclopaedic [...]...
106. Caribbean Sea Case Nicaragua–honduras Territorial and Maritime Dispute in the Caribbean Sea Case Embracing mainstream international law, this section on nicaragua–honduras territorial and maritime dispute in the caribbean sea case explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. [...]...
107. North American Dredging Company V. Mexico North American Dredging Company v. Mexico Embracing mainstream international law, this section on north american dredging company v. mexico explores the context, history and effect of the area of the law covered here. Resources Further Reading The entry "north american dredging company [...]...
108. Capitalization Accounting Method Description of Capitalization Accounting Method In this reference work, capitalization accounting method is a sort of the Accounting category. Resources See Also Accrual Accounting Method Internal Revenue Taxation Accounting...
109. California Agency Databases ContentsCalifornia State Agency DatabasesConclusionNotesSee AlsoReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries California State Agency Databases This ... Read more...
110. Cats and the law Much of the law in relation to animals has now been consolidated in the Animal Welfare Act 2006 which applies ... Read more...
111. Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity ContentsCartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity Title of Treaty About the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to ... Read more...
112. Capacity to Contract Capacity to Contract • Barriers to Contract--you either have the right to contract or not ? Analogous to Civil Procedure: either have standing or not. ? Constitutional Law: citizenship barriers. Graded (resident aliens, etc..), but sets up right to 'enter' legal system vs. not. [...]...
113. Catalogue of Court Reports ContentsCatalogue of Court Reports n the United StatesNominative Reporter TableIn the United KingdomSee AlsoConclusionNotesReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and ... Read more...
114. Canadian Encyclopedic Digest: First Western Edition Canadian Encyclopedic Digest: Western Edition ContentsContents of the First Edition:Volume 1Volume 2Volume 3Volume 4Volume 5Volume 6Volume 7See AlsoConclusionNotesReferences and Further ... Read more...
115. Canadian Encyclopedic Digest: First Ontario Edition ContentsCanadian Encyclopedic Digest: First Ontario EditionSee AlsoConclusionNotesReferences and Further ReadingAbout the Author/s and Reviewer/sMentioned in these Entries Canadian Encyclopedic Digest: ... Read more...
116. Calvinism ContentsCalvinism and LawCalvin and Calvinism in the HistoryCalvinism FounderMelanchthon and BezaPure DoctrineCalvinism main BeliefsInstitutes of the Christian ReligionFreedomFree WillReformed confessionsReformed ... Read more...
117. Capital Punishment Development ContentsCapital Punishment DevelopmentEarly Efforts Against the Death PenaltyAfter World War IICurrent StatusCapital PunishmentCapital Punishment and the Death Penalty DebateCapital Punishment ... Read more...
118. Cable Rate The exchange rate quoted for a given currency transferred by cable. The cable rate is higher than the rate for checks or bills of exchange denominated in the same currency because cable transfers are virtually instantaneous, thereby denying the bank or broker use of the funds during the collection p......
119. Cabotage Summary of Cabotage Literally, coastwise navigation, generally used to denote the proscription of foreign flag vessels in a nation's coastwise trade. Since an act of Congress in 1817 (2 Stat. 351), the coastwise trade of the United States has been reserved exclusively to American [...]...
120. Canceling Date The date specified in a charter party by which the vessel must be ready to load; if the vessel is not ready at the specified time, the charterer may exercise his option of rescinding the agreement.......