Antitrust

Summary of Antitrust

Legislation or public policies opposed to the monopolization or domination of a particular product or industry by one firm or a group of firms acting in concert. The object of antitrust laws is to preserve market competition. In the United States violation of the antitrust laws carries civil and criminal penalties. Victims of monopolies or unlawful combinations may sue in the Federal courts, individually or in class action suits, for relief as well as treble damages. For details of the specific antitrust laws, see CLAYTON ACT, MONOPOLY, ROBINSON-PATMAN ACT, SHERMAN ACT.

(Main Author: William J. Miller)

The Legal History of Antitrust

This section provides an overview of Antitrust

Antitrust Implications of E-commerce and the Electronic Commerce

Antitrust in 2011

United States views on international law (based on the document “Digest of U.S. Practice in International Law”): On March 31, 2011, the United States Department of Justice and the United States Federal Trade Commission entered into an agreement on antitrust cooperation with the Fiscalía Nacional Económica (“FNE”) of Chile. Cooperating in the area of competition policy was one of the commitments made under the U.S.-Chile Free Trade Agreement, signed in 2003. The antitrust agreement is available at (internet link) justice.gov/atr/public/international/docs/269195.htm.

On July 27, 2011, the United States Department of Justice and the United States Federal Trade Commission entered into a Memorandum of Understanding on Antitrust and Antimonopoly Cooperation with relevant agencies in the government of the People’s Republic of China. The MOU is available at (internet link) ftc.gov/os/2011/07/110726mou-english.pdf.

Antitrust

In relation to the international law practice and Antitrust in this world legal Encyclopedia, please see the following section:

Trade, Commercial Relations, Investment, Transportation

Introduction

Antitrust

This entry provides an overview of the legal framework of antitrust , with a description of the most significant features of antitrust at international level.

Related Work and Conclusions

Resources

See Also

• Trade
• Commercial Relations
• Investment
• Transportation
• Antitrust

Resources

See Also

References (Papers)

• Intellectual Property And Competition, Herbert J. Hovenkamp, Aug 2017
• Appraising Merger Efficiencies, Herbert J. Hovenkamp, Jul 2017
• Vertical Merger Enforcement Actions: 1994–2016, Steven C. Salop, Daniel P. Culley, Jun 2017
• The Role Of Antitrust Principles In Patent Monopolies: The Third Circuit Applies Antitrust Scrutiny To No-Ag Patent Settlements In Smithkline, Meghan Fay, Apr 2017
• The Public Trust As An Antimonopoly Doctrine, Michael C. Blumm, Aurora Paulsen Moses, Apr 2017
• Do Patent Challenges Increase Competition?, Stephen Yelderman, Mar 2017

Resources

See Also

• Click Fraud
• Copyright
• Cybercrime
• Cybersquatting
• E-Commerce Law
• Internet Advertising
• Internet Contracts
• Internet Defamation

Resources

See Also

• Legal Biography
• Legal Traditions
• Historical Laws
• History of Law

Further Reading

• Antitrust in the Oxford International Encyclopedia of Legal History (Oxford University Press)
• The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Political and Legal History (Oxford University Press)
• Antitrust in the Dictionary of Concepts in History, by Harry Ritter
• A Short History of Western Legal Theory, by John Kelly

Antitrust and International Trade Economy

In relation to international trade economy, Christopher Mark (1993) provided the following definition of Antitrust: Government regulation intended to maintain competitive market structures, in order to protect trade and commerce from monopolies and restraints on competition such as collusive price-fixing and vertical restraints. Antitrust in its modern form is primarily, a North American invention. Other Western countries have been slower to adopt such regulation, but in recent years most industrialized countries have enacted laws broadly similar to those in the United States. Seecompetition policy.

Definition of Antitrust in International Trade

The following is a concept of Antitrust in the context of international trade law, from the Dictionary of International Trade (Global Negotiator): A term used for government regulations designed to prevent one or a lim_ited number of parties acting in collusion to restrain trade in a manner detrimental of the public interest.

In the United States

For information about Antitrust in the context of international trade, click here

Resources

See Also

Further Reading

• Information about Antitrust in the Encyclopedia of World Trade: from Ancient Times to the Present (Cynthia Clark Northrup)

Antitrust and the Laws of International Trade

Antitrust Guidelines