Search results for: “open systems theory”

  • Electoral Systems

    Election: Electoral Systems Introduction to Electoral Systems The manner in which governments organize elections and determine winners also affects participation rates. Majority systems require that a victorious candidate receive more than 50 percent of the vote. Under a plurality system, […]

  • Pure Theory of Law

    Pure Theory of Law Overview Hans Kelsen was an Austrian legal theorist, who worked in Germany until the rise of the Nazi Party, and then in the USA. He published the first edition of The Pure Theory of Law in 1934, and a second, expanded edition (which I read) in 1960. The theory is ‘pure’…

  • Pure Theory of Law

    Pure Theory of Law Overview Hans Kelsen was an Austrian legal theorist, who worked in Germany until the rise of the Nazi Party, and then in the USA. He published the first edition of The Pure Theory of Law in 1934, and a second, expanded edition (which I read) in 1960. The theory is ‘pure’…

  • International Relations Theory

    The study of international relations Introduction to International Relations TheoryOver time, scholars have developed a number of approaches to the study of international relations. These approaches include realism, neorealism, idealism and liberalism, neoliberalism, and Marxism.&q…

  • Common Law Systems

    Common Law Systems Common law systems can be found in many nations that were former colonies or territories of England. The common law originated with the unification of England and the institutional stability provided by William the Conqueror (c. 1027-1087) after 1066. In 1215 King John (1167-1216) elevated the importance of the common law at…

  • Socialist Legal Systems

    Socialist Legal Systems Socialist law is the legal system used in most Communist states. It is based on the civil law system and Marxist-Leninist ideology. During the cold war period, it was incorporated into the legal systems of the Soviet Union and its former satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe. These systems were built…

  • Information Technology

    Literature Review on Information Technology: State Government Use and Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Paul M. Chalekian offers the following summary about the topic of Information Technology: State Government Use and Management: The effective […]

  • Information Technology

    Literature Review on Information Technology: State Government Use and Management In the Encyclopedia of Public Administration and Public Policy, [1] Paul M. Chalekian offers the following summary about the topic of Information Technology: State Government Use and Management: The effective […]

  • Internet

    Legal Materials Arranged by subject. Articles: To find articles on Internet hardware or software, search the LexisCommunications file (CMPCOM;COMM). C/Net rates Internet hardware, software and related products and services. See also the News section, below. Browsers: […]

  • Internet

    Legal Materials Arranged by subject. Articles: To find articles on Internet hardware or software, search the LexisCommunications file (CMPCOM;COMM). C/Net rates Internet hardware, software and related products and services. See also the News section, below. Browsers: […]

  • Sociology of Law

    The Sociology of Law The Eastern-European Pioneers of the Sociology of Law This section provides an overview of the following pioneers: Eugen Ehrlich Leon Petrazycki Georges Gurvitch Nicholas S. Timasheff Foundational Works in Law and Society This section provides an […]

  • Sociology of Law

    The Sociology of Law The Eastern-European Pioneers of the Sociology of Law This section provides an overview of the following pioneers: Eugen Ehrlich Leon Petrazycki Georges Gurvitch Nicholas S. Timasheff Foundational Works in Law and Society This section provides an […]

  • International Law

    International Law consists of the rules and principles of general application dealing with the conduct of States and of international organizations in their international relations with one another and with private individuals, minority groups and transnational companies. Legal Issues […]

  • Intellectual Property

    Summary of Intellectual Property Intellectual Property is, according withWilliam J. Miller, a general term covering industrial property such as patents, trademarks, and trade names, as well as literary and artistic property, including copyrights. Consideration of the meaning of the word […]

  • Islamic Law

    The Legal History of Islamic Law Law and Dogma Islamic law —ShariÂ’a— evolved over time in response to the Muslim communityÂ’s need for a legal system. The most important source of law was the traditions of the Prophet (sunna) as revealed in reports […]