Search results for: “history of working time”
-
History of Working Time
History of Working Time Regulations History of Working Time until 1920 The decade following 1910 witnessed a rapid advance and extension in the already widespread movement in favour of the reduction of the hours of labour. This was mainly due, apart from general trade-union pressure, firstly to the repercussions of the World War and of…
-
History of International Law
Ancient History The need for some principles and rules of conduct between independent states arises whenever such states enter into mutual relations. Rules governing the treatment of foreign traders, travelers, and ambassadors, as well as the conclusion and observance of treaties, […]
-
History of Legal Treatises
History of Legal Treatises In the United States While the earliest law treatises predate the systematic dissemination of court opinions, by the early twentieth century this form of legal commentary had become an essential tool for lawyers and judges seeking to organize and understand the growing quantity of published case law. That was a period…
-
Legal History
Legal History “This abstraction called the Law,” Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., once observed, is “a magic mirror, [wherein] we see reflected, not only our own lives, but the lives of all men that have been!”1 Holmes believed that this “magic mirror” offered historians an opportunity to explore the social choices and moral imperatives of…
-
History of Women’s Rights in the 20th Century
History of Women’s Rights in the 20th Century Women’s in the 20th-Century Developments Socialists Movements and Communism Governments After wars and revolutions in Russia (1917) and China (1949), new Communist governments discouraged the patriarchal family system and supported sexual equality, including birth control. In the Soviet Union, however, the majority of working women held low-paid…
-
Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States
Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States. By the Best American and European Writers Subjects of the Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy and the Political History of the United States. By the Best…
-
Terrorism History
Terrorism History: The French Revolution to World War IIntroduction to Terrorism HistoryUntil the French Revolution (1789-1799), religion provided the main justification for the use of terrorism. This situation changed, however, as nationalism, anarchism, Marxism (see Marx, Karl), …
-
Pacifism History
Introduction to Pacifism HistoryAlthough organized peace movements did not appear until the 19th century, the modern search for a means of preventing war began with the rise of nation-states at the end of the Middle Ages. In the 14th century Dante proposed a world empire to abolish war; in …
-
Work in America. An Encyclopedia of History, Policy and Society
Work in America. An Encyclopedia of History, Policy and Society Title: Work in America. An Encyclopedia of History, Policy, and Society Edited by: Carl E.Van Horn and Herbert A. Schaffner Foreword by: Ray Marshall, former U.S. Secretary of Labor Publisher: ABC CLIO Work in America. An Encyclopedia of History, Policy, and Society List of Entries…
-
History of Zionism
History of Zionism History of Zionism before 1910 During the middle ages, though the racial character of the Jews was being transformed by their Ghetto seclusion, the national yearning suffered no relaxation. If it expressed itself exclusively in literature, it was not on that account undergoing a process of idealization. (Cf. Abrahams’s Jewish Life in…
-
History of Labor Legislation
History of Labor Legislation Introduction In comparing legislation affecting factories, mines, shops and truck in the chief industrial countries of the continent with that of Great Britain, it is essential to a just view that inquiry should be extended beyond the codes themselves to the general social order and system of law and administration in…
-
History of Industrial Councils
History of Industrial Councils History of Industrial Councils in the United Kingdom The formation of joint industrial councils (or, as they are commonly called, “Whitley Councils” ) has been one of the most important sequels of wartime developments in the attempt to adjust the relations of employers and employees in the organization of British industry.…
-
History of Nationalization
History of Nationalization Introduction The fact that “Nationalization” had become in 1916-21 one of the burning political questions of the day is unfortunate as regards arriving at a clear appraisal of its principles, for, from the outset, it is difficult for a writer to avoid a certain bias in approaching its discussion. Yet Nationalization of…