Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards

Signed at: New York, 10 June 1958 to 31 December 1958
Entry into Force Date: 7 June 1959
Published in UK Treaty Series No. 20 (1976) Cmnd 6419
Depositary: Secretary-General of the United Nations
Note: See below the table of Ratifications for details of declarations and reservations made.

RATIFICATIONS, ACCESSIONS, AND DECLARATIONS
State Action Date
Afghanistan Accession 30/11/2004
Declaration 30/11/2004
Albania Accession 27/06/2001
Algeria Accession 07/02/1989
Declaration 07/02/1989
Antigua and Barbuda Accession 02/02/1989
Declaration 02/02/1989
Argentina Signature 26/08/1958
Ratification 14/03/1989
Declaration 14/03/1989
Communication 01/10/1991
Armenia Accession 29/12/1997
Declaration 29/12/1997
Australia Accession 26/03/1975
Declaration 26/03/1975
Austria Accession 02/05/1961
Reservation 02/05/1961
Withdrawal
of Reservation 25/02/1988
Azerbaijan Accession 29/02/2000
Bahrain Accession 06/04/1988
Declaration 06/04/1988
Bangladesh Accession 06/05/1992
Barbados Accession 16/03/1993
Declaration 16/03/1993
Belgium Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 18/08/1975
Declaration 18/08/1975
Benin Accession 16/05/1974
Bolivia Accession 28/04/1995
Bosnia and Succession 01/09/1993
Herzegovina
Declaration 01/09/1993
Botswana Accession 20/12/1971
Declaration 20/12/1971
Brazil Accession 07/06/2002
Brunei Accession 25/07/1996
Darussalam Declaration 25/07/1996
Bulgaria Signature 17/12/1958
Declaration 17/12/1958
Ratification 10/10/1961
Declaration 10/10/1961
Burkina Faso Accession 23/03/1987
Byelorussia SSR Signature 29/12/1958
Ratification 15/11/1960
Declaration 15/11/1960
Cambodia Accession 05/01/1960
Cameroon Accession 19/02/1988
Canada Accession 12/05/1986
Declaration 12/05/1986 [See below]
Declaration 20/05/1987
Notification 25/05/1987
Communication 25/11/1988
Central African Accession 15/10/1962
Republic Declaration 15/10/1962
Chile Accession 04/09/1975
Chine, PR Accession 22/01/1987
Declaration 22/01/1987
Declaration 19/06/2005
Colombia Accession 25/09/1979
Costa Rica Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 26/10/1987
Cote d’Ivoire Accession 01/02/1991
Croatia Succession 26/07/1993
Cuba Accession 30/12/1974
Declaration 30/12/1974
Cyprus Accession 29/12/1980
Declaration 29/12/1980
Czechoslovakia Signature 03/10/1958
Declaration 03/10/1958
Ratification 10/07/1959
Declaration 10/06/1959
Czech Republic Succession 30/09/1993
Denmark Accession 22/12/1972
Declaration 22/12/1972
Declaration 12/11/1975
Communication 05/01/1978
Djibouti Succession 14/06/1983
Dominica Accession 28/10/1988
Dominican Republic Accession 11/04/2002
Ecuador Signature 17/12/1958
Declaration 17/12/1958
Ratification 03/01/1962
Egypt Accession 09/03/1959
El Salvador Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 26/02/1998
Estonia Accession 30/08/1993
Finland Signature 29/12/1958
Ratification 19/01/1962
France Signature 25/11/1958
Ratification 26/06/1959
Declaration 26/06/1959
Communication 26/01/1976
Withdrawal 27/11/1989
of Declaration
Georgia Accession 02/06/1994
Germany FR Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 30/06/1961
Declaration 30/06/1961
Objection 21/12/1989
Withdrawal 31/08/1998
of Reservation
[Land Berlin Extension 30/06/1961]
Communication 30/06/1961
Communication 24/02/1976
[DDR Accession 20/02/1975]
Ghana Accession 09/04/1968
Greece Accession 16/07/1962
Declaration 18/04/1980
Guatemala Accession 21/03/1984
Declaration 21/03/1984
Guinea Accession 23/01/1991
Haiti Accession 05/12/1983
Honduras Accession 03/10/2000
Hong Kong SAR Application 06/06/1997 [See Notes for China PR]
Hungary Accession 05/03/1962
Declaration 05/03/1962
Iceland Accession 24/01/2002
India Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 13/07/1960
Declaration 13/07/1960
Indonesia Accession 07/10/1981
Declaration 07/10/1981
Iran Accession 13/01/2002
Ireland Accession 12/05/1981
Declaration 12/05/1981
Israel Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 05/01/1959
Objection 22/09/1988
Objection 23/06/1980
Italy Accession 31/01/1969
Jamaica Accession 10/07/2002
Reservation 25/09/2002
Japan Accession 20/06/1961
Declaration 20/06/1961
Jordan Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 15/11/1979
Reservation 15/11/1979
Kazakhstan Accession 20/11/1995
Kenya Accession 10/02/1989
Declaration 10/02/1989
Korea, Republic of Accession 08/02/1973
Declaration 08/02/1973
Kuwait Accession 28/04/1978
Declaration 28/04/1978
Kyrgyzstan Accession 18/12/1996
Laos Accession 17/06/1998
Latvia Accession 14/04/1992
Lebanon Accession 11/08/1998
Communication 11/08/1998
Lesotho Accession 13/06/1989
Liberia Accession 16/09/2005
Lithuania Accession 14/03/1995
Declaration 14/03/1995
Luxembourg Signature 11/11/1958
Ratification 09/09/1983
Declaration 09/09/1983
Macedonia, Succession 10/03/1994
The FYR of
Malagasy Republic Accession 16/07/1962
Reservation 16/07/1962 [See Notes, Madagascar]
Malaysia Accession 05/11/1985
Declaration 05/11/1985
Mali Accession 08/09/1994
Malta Accession 22/06/2000
Declaration 22/06/2000
Mauritania Accession 30/01/1997
Mauritius Accession 19/06/1996
Declaration 19/06/1996
Mexico Accession 14/04/1971
Moldova, Accession 18/09/1998
Republic of Declaration 18/09/1998
Monaco Signature 31/12/1958
Ratification 02/06/1982
Declaration 02/06/1982
Mongolia Accession 24/10/1994
Declaration 24/10/1994
Morocco Accession 12/02/1959
Declaration 12/02/1959
Mozambique Accession 11/06/1998
Declaration 11/06/1998
Nepal Accession 04/03/1998
Declaration 04/03/1998
Netherlands Signature 10/06/1958
Ratification 24/04/1964
Declaration 24/04/1964
Extension 01/01/1986
New Zealand Accession 06/01/1983
Declaration 06/01/1983
Nicaragua Accession 24/09/2003
Niger Accession 14/10/1964
Nigeria Accession 17/03/1970
Declaration 17/03/1970
Norway Accession 14/03/1961
Declaration 14/03/1961
Reservation 14/03/1961
Oman Accession 25/02/1999
Pakistan Signature 30/12/1958
Ratification 14/07/2005
Declaration 14/07/2005
Panama Accession 10/10/1984
Paraguay Accession 08/10/1997
Peru Accession 07/07/1988
Philippines Signature 10/06/1958
Reservation 10/06/1958
Ratification 06/07/1967
Declaration 06/07/1987
Poland Signature 10/06/1958
Reservation 10/06/1961
Ratification 03/10/1961
Portugal Accession 18/10/1994
Declaration 18/10/1994
Communication 09/12/1999
Macao (OT) Application 12/11/1999
Qatar Accession 30/12/2002
Romania Accession 13/09/1961
Reservation 13/09/1961
San Marino Accession 17/05/1979
Saudi Arabia Accession 19/04/1994
Declaration 19/04/1994
Senegal Accession 17/10/1994
Singapore Accession 21/08/1986
Declaration 21/08/1986
Slovak Republic Succession 28/05/1993
Slovenia Succession 01/07/1992
Declaration 01/07/1992
South Africa Accession 03/05/1976
Russian Federation Signature 29/12/1958
(Signed as Soviet Ratification 24/08/1960
Union) Declaration 24/08/1960
Objection 29/10/1973
Spain Accession 12/05/1977
Communication08/09/1986
Sri Lanka Signature 30/12/1958
Ratification 09/04/1962
St Vincent Accession 12/09/2000
[and the Grenadines] Declaration 12/09/2000
Sweden Signature 23/12/1958
Ratification 28/01/1972
Switzerland Signature 29/12/1958
Ratification 01/06/1965
Declaration 01/06/1965
Withdrawal 23/04/1993
of Declaration
Syria Accession 09/03/1959
Tanzania Accession 13/10/1964
Declaration 13/10/1964
Thailand Accession 21/12/1959
Trinidad Accession 14/02/1966
And Tobago
Declaration 14/02/1966
Tunisia Accession 17/07/1967
Declaration 17/07/1967
Turkey Accession 02/07/1992
Declaration 02/07/1992
Uganda Accession 12/02/1992
Declaration 12/02/1992
Ukraine SSR Signature 29/12/1958
Ratification 10/10/1960
Declaration 10/10/1960
United Kingdom Accession 24/09/1975
Communication26/01/1976
Declaration 05/05/1980
Bermuda (OT) Extension 12/02/1980 [See Notes]
Cayman Islands (OT) Extension 24/02/1981 [See Notes]
Gibraltar (OT) Extension 24/09/1975 [See Notes]
Guernsey(CD) Extension 19/04/1985 [See Notes]
[Hong Kong Extension 21/01/1977: See Notes for China PR]
Notification 10/06/1997 See Notes for China PR]
Isle Of Man(CD) Extension 23/05/1979
Jersey, Extension 28/05/2002
Bailiwick of (CD)
United States Accession 30/09/1970
Declaration 30/09/1970
Notification 03/11/1970
Communication 26/01/1976
Uruguay Accession 30/03/1983
Uzbekistan Accession 07/02/1996
Vatican City Accession 14/05/1975
Declaration 14/05/1975
Venezuela Accession 08/02/1995
Declaration 08/02/1995
Vietnam Accession 12/09/1995
Declaration 12/09/1995
Yugoslavia Accession 26/02/1982
Reservation 26/02/1982
Yugoslavia, Succession 12/03/2001
Federal Republic/ Declaration 12/03/2001
Serbia & Montenegro
Zambia Accession 14/03/2002
Zimbabwe Accession 29/09/1994

Notes, Declarations and Reservations

(Unless otherwise indicated, the declarations and reservations were made upon ratification, accession or succession. Declarations and objections thereafter are dated).
Afghanistan
[Declaration]: Afghanistan will apply the Convention only to : (i) recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State; and (ii) differences arising out of legal relationships whether contractual or not which are considered as commercial under the national law of Afghanistan.
Algeria
[Declaration]:Referring to the possibility offered by article I, paragraph 3, of the Convention, the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only where such awards have been made with respect to differences arising out of legal relationships whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Algerian law.
Antigua and Barbuda
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with article I, the Government of Antigua and Barbuda declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another contracting state;
(ii) The Government of Antigua and Barbuda also declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of Antigua and Barbuda.
Argentina
[Upon signature]: Subject to the declaration contained in the Final Act.
[Upon ratification]: On the basis of reciprocity, the Republic of Argentina will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. It will also apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
The Convention will be interpreted in accordance with the principles and clauses of the National Constitution in force or those resulting from modification made by virtue of the Constitution.
[Communication: 1 October 1991]: Requesting the rectification of the English Translation of the declaration made by Argentina upon ratification. In its communication, the Government of Argentina has specified that, in the first paragraph of its declaration, the words “in the territory of another Contracting State”should replace “in the territory of the other Contracting State.”
Argentina (Cont.d)
[Depositary’s Notification, 31 Dec 1991]: The declaration made upon signature and contained in the Final Act read as follows:
“If another Contracting Party extends the application of the Convention to territories which fall within the sovereignty of the Argentine Republic, the rights of the Argentine Republic shall in no way be affected by that extension.”
Armenia
[Declarations]:
(i) The Republic of Armenia will apply the Convention only to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The Republic of Armenia will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of the Republic of Armenia.
Australia
[Declaration]: Accession applies to all the external territories for the international relations of which Australia is responsible other than Papua New Guinea
Austria
[Reservation on Ratification: see United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 395, p. 274.]
[Communication, dated 25 February 1988]: the Government of Austria notified (the depositary) of its decision to withdraw as from that date, the reservation made upon accession to the Convention.
Bahrain
[Declarations]:
(i) The accession by the State of Bahrain to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, 1958 shall in no way constitute recognition of Israel or be a cause for the establishment of any relations of any kind therewith.
(ii) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the State of Bahrain will apply the Convention, on the basis of reci- procity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State party to the Convention.
(iii) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the State of Bahrain will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the State of Bahrain.
Barbados
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the Government of Barbados declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The Government of Barbados will also apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not which are considered as commercial under the laws of Barbados.
Belarus (Signed as Byelorussia SSR)
[Declaration]: The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic will apply the provisions of this Convention in respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.
Belgium
[Declaration]: In accordance with Article I, Paragraph 3, the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of a Contracting State.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
[Declarations]:
(i) The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina only relating [to] those arbitral awards that have been brought after entering into force of the Convention.
(ii) The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(iii) The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Botswana
[Declarations]:
(i) The Republic of Botswana will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered commercial under Botswana law.
(ii) The Republic of Botswana will apply the Convention to the Recognition and Enforcement of Awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Brunei Darussalam
[Declaration]: Brunei Darussalam will on the basis of reciprocity apply the said Convention to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards which are made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Bulgaria
[Declaration]: Bulgaria will apply the Convention to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another contracting State. With regard to awards made in the territory of non-contracting States it will apply the Convention only to the extent to which these States grant reciprocal treatment.
Canada
[Declarations, 20 May 1987: subsequently deemed to have been accepted (22 July, 1987) as replacing the declaration made on accession]:
(i) The Government of Canada declares, with respect to the Province of Alberta, that it will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The Government of Canada declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of Canada.
[Declaration, 27 May 1987]: The Government of Canada declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of Canada, except in the case of the Province of Quebec where the law does not provide for such limitation.
[Communication, 25 November 1988]: the Government of Canada notified (the depositary) of its decision to withdraw, with effect from that date, the second part of its revised declaration received on 20 May 1987 which read as follows:
“The Government of Canada declares, with respect to the Province of Saskatchewan, that it will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.”
Central African Republic
[Declaration]: Referring to the possibility offered by paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, the Central African Republic declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; it further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
China, PR
[Declarations]:
(i) The People’s Republic of China will apply the Convention, only on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State;
(ii) The People’s Republic of China will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the People’s Republic of China.
China PR [Cont.d]:
Note (i): On 6 and 10 June 1997, the Governments of the United Kingdom and China PR deposited communications concerning the status of Hong Kong. Upon resuming the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, China declared that the Convention with the reservation made by China PR will also apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Note (ii): On 19 July 2005, the Government of China PR declared as follows;
In accordance with the provisions of Article 138 of the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, the Government of the People’s Republic of China decides that the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards shall apply to the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China. The statement made by the Government of the People’s Republic of China when acceding to the Convention on January 22, 1987, also applies to the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.
Cuba
[Declaration]: Cuba will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. With respect to arbitral awards made by other non-contracting States it will apply the Convention only in so far as those States grant reciprocal treatment as established by mutual agreement between the parties. Moreover, it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Cuban legislation.
Cyprus
[Declaration]: The Republic of Cyprus will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State; furthermore it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Czech Republic
[Declaration, as Czechoslovakia]: Czechoslovakia will apply the Convention to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. With regards to awards made in the territory of non-Contracting States it will apply the Convention only to the extent to which these States grant reciprocal treatment.
Denmark
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with the terms of article I, paragraph 3, [the Convention] shall have effect only as regards the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made by another Contracting State and [it] shall be valid only with respect to commercial relationships.
(ii) At the time of acceding to the Convention the Government of Denmark declared, in accordance with article X (1), that it would not apply for the time being to the Faeroe Islands and Greenland.
[Communication, 12 November 1975]: the Government of Denmark declared that it had withdrawn the above declaration in respect of Faeroe Islands and Greenland, with effect on 1 January 1976.
Denmark (Cont.d)
[Communication, 5 January 1978]: the Government of Denmark confirmed that the communication deposited on 12 November 1975 should be considered as having taken effect from 10 February 1976, in accordance with article X (2), it being understood that the Convention was applied de facto to the Faeroe Islands and Greenland from 1 January to 9 February 1976.
Ecuador
[Declaration]: Ecuador, on a basis of reciprocity, will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State only if such awards have been made with respect to differences arising out of legal relationships which are regarded as commercial under Ecuadorian law.
France
[Declaration]: Referring to the possibility offered by paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, France declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State.
[Declaration, 26 June 1959]: Referring to paragraphs 1 and 2 of article X of the Convention, France declares that this Convention will extend to all the territories of the French Republic.
[Note: A joint Communication dated 26 June 1959 was issued with the United Kingdom and the United States which re-affirmed the status of West Berlin (as it existed at that time)].
[Communication, 27 November 1989]: The Government of France notified the depositary of its decision to withdraw, with effect from that date, the declaration relating to the second sentence of its declaration relating to paragraph 3 of article I made upon ratification.
Germany FR
[Declarations]:
(i) Applying the Convention to Land Berlin, effective on entry into force of the Convention for Germany FR.
(ii) With respect to paragraph 1 of article I, and in accordance with paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, the Federal Republic of Germany will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
[Communication, 31 August 1998]: the Government of Germany notified the depositary of its decision to withdraw part (i) of the declaration made upon ratification of the Convention.
[Objection, 21 December 1989]: The Federal Republic of Germany is of the opinion that the second paragraph of the declaration of the Argentine Republic represents a reservation and as such is not only contradictory to article I (3) of the Convention but is also vague and hence inadmissible; it therefore raises an objection to that reservation.
In all other respects this objection is not intended to prevent the entry into force of the Convention between the Argentine Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany.
Greece
[Declaration]: The present Convention is approved on condition of the two limitations set forth in article I (3) of the Convention.
Guatemala
[Declaration]: On the basis of reciprocity, the Republic of Guatemala will apply the above Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; and will apply it only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Hungary
[Declaration] The Hungarian People’s Republic shall apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of such awards only as have been made in the territory of one of the other Contracting States and are dealing with differences arising in respect of a legal relationship considered by the Hungarian law as a commercial relationship.
India
[Declaration] In accordance with Article I of the Convention, the Government of India declare that they will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of a State, party to this Convention. They further declare that they will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the law of India.
Indonesia
[Declaration]: Pursuant to the provision of article I (3) of the Convention, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State, and that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Indonesian Law.
Iran
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the Islamic Republic of Iran will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the Islamic Republic of Iran;
(ii) In accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention, the Islamic Republic of Iran will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State Party to the Convention.
Ireland
“In accordance with article I (3) of the said Convention the Government of Ireland declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State”.
Israel
[Communication, 23 June 1980]: The Government of Israel has noted the political character of the statement made by the Government of Jordan. In the view of the Government of Israel, this Convention is not the proper place for making such political pronouncements. Moreover, the said declaration cannot in any way affect whatever obligations are binding upon Jordan under general international law or under particular conventions.
Insofar as concerns the substance of the matter, the Government of Israel will adopt towards the Government of Jordan an attitude of complete reciprocity.
[Communication, 22 September 1988]: (In similar terms to the above, respecting a declaration made by Bahrain upon accession)
Jamaica
[Reservations, 25 September 2002]:
(i) The Government of Jamaica, on the basis of Reciprocity, will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State, in accordance with article 1 (3).
(ii) The Government of Jamaica further declares that the Convention will only be applied to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered to be commercial under the national laws of Jamaica in accordance with article 1 (3) of the Convention.”
Japan
[Declaration]: (Japan) will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
Jordan
[Reservation]: The Government of Jordan shall not be bound by any awards which are made by Israel or to which an Israeli is a party.
Kenya
[Declaration]: In accordance with article I (3) of the said Convention the Government of Kenya declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another contracting state.
Korea, Republic of
[Declaration]: By virtue of paragraph 3 of article I of the present Convention, the Government of the Republic of Korea declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. It further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Kuwait
[Declarations]:
(i) The State of Kuwait will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) It is understood that the accession of the State of Kuwait to the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, done at New York, on the 10th of June 1958, does not mean in any way recognition of Israel or entering with it into relations governed by the Convention thereto acceded by the State of Kuwait.
Lebanon
[Declaration]: The Government of Lebanon declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
Lithuania
[Declaration]: (The Republic of Lithuania) will apply the provisions of the said Convention to the recognition of arbitral awards made in the territories of the Non-Contracting States, only on the basis of reciprocity.
Luxembourg
[Declaration]:The Convention is applied on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of only those arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Madagascar
[Reservation]: The (Malagasy Republic) declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; it further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Malaysia
[Declaration]: The Government of Malaysia will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. Malaysia further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Malaysian law.
Malta
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, Malta will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The Convention only applies in regard to Malta with respect to arbitration agreements concluded after the date of Malta’s accession to the Convention.
Mauritius
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 1 of the Convention, the Republic of Mauritius declares that it will, on the basis of reciprocity, apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) Referring to paragraphs 1 and 2 of article X of the Convention, the Republic of Mauritius declares that this Convention will extend to all the territories forming part of the Republic of Mauritius.
Moldova, Republic of
[Declaration]: The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Moldova only relating to those arbitral awards that have been brought after entering into force of the Convention. The Convention will be applied to the Republic of Moldova, on the basis of reciprocity, only relating [to] those arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Monaco
[Declaration]: Referring to the possibility offered by article I (3) of the Convention, the Principality of Monaco will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State; furthermore, it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Mongolia
[Declarations]:
(i) Mongolia will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) Mongolia will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of Mongolia.
Morocco
[Declaration]: The Government of His Majesty the King of Morocco will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
Mozambique
[Declaration]: The Republic of Mozambique reserves itself the right to enforce the provisions of the said Conventions on the base of reciprocity, where the artibral awards have been pronounced in the territory of another Contracting State.
Nepal
[Declaration]: The Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting state. [The Government of Nepal] further declares that the Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention only to the differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the law of the Kingdom of Nepal.
Netherlands
[Declaration]: Referring to paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, the Government of the Kingdom declares that it will apply the Con- vention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
[Territorial Extension, 24 April1964]: Netherlands Antilles, Surinam
[Declaration, 6 January 1983]: The Convention applies separately to the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba.
New Zealand
[Declarations]:
(i) In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 1 of the Convention, the Government of New Zealand declares that it will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii)Accession to the Convention by the Government of New Zealand shall not extend for the time being, pursuant to article X of the Convention, to the Cook Islands and Niue.
Nigeria
[Declaration]: In accordance with paragraph 3 of article I of the Convention, the Federal Military Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of a State party to this Convention and to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.
Norway
[Declarations]:
(i) (The Government of Norway) will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of one of the Contracting States.
(ii) (The Government of Norway) will not apply the Convention to differences where the subject matter of the proceedings is immovable property situated in Norway, or a right in or to such property.
Pakistan
[Declaration]: The Islamic Republic of Pakistan will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of [a] Contracting State.
Philippines
[Reservation upon signature]: The Philippine delegation signs ad referendum this Convention with the reservation that it does so on the basis of reciprocity.
[Declaration]: The Philippines will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State pursuant to Article I, paragraph 3 of the Convention.
[Declaration upon ratification]: The Philippines, on the basis of reciprocity, will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the State making such declaration.
Poland
[Reservation on signature] With reservations as mentioned in article I, para. 3.
Portugal
[Declaration]: Within the scope of the principle of reciprocity, Portugal will restrict the application of the Convention to arbitral awards pronounced in the territory of a State bound by the said Convention.
[Territorial Extension, 12 November 1999]: Macau.
[Communication, 9 December 1999]: In accordance with the Joint Declaration of the Government of the Portuguese Republic and the Government of the People’s Republic of China on the Question of Macau signed on 13 April 1987, the Portuguese Republic will continue to have international responsibility for Macau until 19 December 1999 and from that date onwards the People’s Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Macau with effect from 20 December 1999.
From 20 December 1999 onwards the Portuguese Republic will cease to be responsible for the international rights and obligations arising from the application of the Convention to Macau.
Romania
[Reservation]: The Romanian People’s Republic will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its legislation.
The Romanian People’s Republic will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. As regards awards made in the territory of certain non-contracting States, the Romanian People’s Republic will apply the Convention only on the basis of reciprocity established by joint agreement between the parties.
Russian Federation
[Declaration]: The (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) will apply the pro-visions of this Convention in respect of arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.
[Objection, 29 October 1973]: The (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) objected to the accession of the Republic of Korea.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
[Declaration]: In accordance with article 1 of [the] Convention, the Government of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines declares that they will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. They further declare that they will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the laws of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
Saudi Arabia
[Declaration]: On the Basis of reciprocity, the Kingdom declares that it shall restrict the application of the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made in the territory of a Contracting State.
Serbia and Montenegro[See also:Yugoslavia]
[Reservations, confirmed upon succession]:
(i) The Convention is applied in regard to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia only to those arbitral awards which were adopted after the coming of the Convention into effect.
(ii) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention on a reciprocal basis only to those arbitral awards which were adopted on the territory of the other State Party to the Convention.
(iii) The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention [only] with respect to the disputes arising from the legal relations, contractual and non-contractual, which, according to its national legislation are considered as economic.
[Declaration, 28 June 1982]: (Government of Yugoslavia) had specified that : the first reservation only constituted an affirmation of the legal principle of retroactivity and that the third reservation being essentially in accordance with article I (3) of the Convention, the word “only” was therefore to be added to the original text and note taken that the word “economic”had been used therein as a synonym for “commercial”.
Singapore
[Declaration]: The Republic of Singapore will on the basis of reciprocity apply the said Convention to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards which are made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Slovenia
[Declaration]: In accordance with paragraph 3 of article 1, the Republic of Slovenia will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. The Republic of Slovenia will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the Republic of Slovenia.
Spain
[Communication]: re. proces-verbal of rectification to the Spanish text of the certified True Copy of the Convention.
Switzerland
[Declaration]: Referring to the possibility offered by paragraph 3 of Article I, Switzerland will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
[Communication, 23 April 1993]: the Government of Switzerland notified the depositary of its decision to withdraw the above declaration made upon ratification.
Tanzania
[Declaration]: The Government (of Tanganyika and Zanzibar)(in accordance with Article 1, paragraph 3) would apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State.
Trinidad and Tobago
[Declaration]: In accordance with article I of the Convention, the Government of Trinidad and Tobago declares that it will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. The Government of Trinidad and Tobago further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Law of Trinidad and Tobago.
Tunisia
[Reservation]: …provided for in article I, paragraph 3, of the Convention, that is to say, the Tunisian State will apply the Convention to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State and only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the Tunisian law.
Turkey
[Declaration]: In accordance with the Article I, paragraph 3 of the Convention, the Republic of Turkey declares that it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting State. It further declares that it will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Uganda
[Declaration]:The Republic of Uganda will only apply the Convention to recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
Ukraine
[Declaration]: The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic will apply the pro-visions of this Convention in respect of arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States only to the extent to which they grant reciprocal treatment.
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
[Declaration, 5 May 1980]: The United Kingdom will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State. This declaration is also made on behalf of Gibraltar, Hong Kong and the Isle of Man to which the Convention has been extended.
[Territorial Application, with Declaration*]:
Bermuda;
Cayman Islands;
Gibraltar;
Guernsey;
Isle of Man;
Jersey.
*(The Convention will apply) . . . in accordance with article I, paragraph 3 thereof, only to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
[Communication, 26 January 1976]: issued with France and the United States re-affirming the status of West Berlin (as it existed at that time)].
United States of America
[Declarations]:
(i) The United States of America will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of only those awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The United States of America will apply the Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the national law of the United States.
[Territorial application, 3 November 1970]: All the territories for the international relations of which the United States of America is responsible
[Communication, 26 January 1976]: issued with France and the United Kingdom re-affirming the status of West Berlin (as it existed at that time)].
Vatican City
[Declaration]: The State of Vatican City will apply the said Convention on the basis of reciprocity, on the one hand, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State, and on the other hand, only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under Vatican law.
Venezuela
[Declarations]:
(i) The Republic of Venezuela will apply the Convention only to the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards made in the territory of another Contracting State.
(ii) The Republic of Venezuela will apply the present Convention only to differences arising out of legal relationships, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under its national law.
Vietnam
[Declarations]:
(i) (The Socialist Republic of Vietnam) considers the Convention to be applicable to the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards made only in the territory of another Contracting State. With respect to arbitral awards made in the territories of non-contracting States, it will apply the Convention on the basis of reciprocity.
(ii) The Convention will be applied only to differences arising out of legal relationships which are considered as commercial under the laws of Vietnam.
(iii) Interpretation of the Convention before the Vietnamese Courts or competent authorities should be made in accordance with the Constitution and the law of Vietnam.
Yugoslavia
[Reservations on Accession, 26 February 1982]:
(i) The Convention is applied in regard to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia only to those arbitral awards which were adopted after the coming of the Convention into effect.
(ii) The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention on a reciprocal basis only to those arbitral awards which were adopted on the territory of the other State Party to the Convention.
(iii) The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia will apply the Convention [only] with respect to the disputes arising from the legal relations, contractual and non-contractual, which, according to its national legislation are considered as economic.
[Declaration, 28 June 1982]: (the Government of Yugoslavia) had specified that the first reservation only constituted an affirmation of the legal principle of retroactivity and that the third reservation being essentially in accordance with article I (3) of the Convention, the word “only” was therefore to be added to the original text and note taken that the word “economic”had been used therein as a synonym for “commercial”.

Conclusion

Notes

See Also

References and Further Reading

About the Author/s and Reviewer/s

Author: international

Mentioned in these Entries

1958 Convention: Interpretation, 1958 Convention: Relationship with domestic law and other treaties (Article VII), Commercial arbitral legislation worldwide, International Commercial Arbitration, International Conventions from 1991, International commercial arbitration, International law topics, Outline of Legal framework for international business transactions, Private International Law, Recognition of Juridical Persons in International Law.


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