Convention on Nitrogen Oxides, 1988 2

Convention on Nitrogen Oxides, 1988

 

Article 7
National programmes, policies and strategies

The Parties shall develop without undue delay national programmes,
policies and strategies to implement the obligations under the present
Protocol that shall serve as a means of controlling and reducing
emissions of nitrogen oxides or their transboundary fluxes.

Article 8
Information exchange and annual reporting

1. The Parties shall exchange information by notifying the Executive Body
of the national programmes, policies and strategies that they develop in
accordance with article 7 and by reporting to it annually on progress
achieved under, and any changes to, those programmes, policies and
strategies, and in particular on:

(a) The levels of national annual emissions of nitrogen oxides and the
basis upon which they have been calculated;

(b) Progress in applying national emission standards required under
article 2, subparagraphs 2(a) and 2(b), and the national emission
standards applied or to be applied, and the sources and/or source
categories concerned;

(c) Progress in introducing the pollution control measures required
under article 2, subparagraph 2(c), the sources concerned and the
measures introduced or to be introduced;

(d) Progress in making unleaded fuel available;

(e) Measures taken to facilitate the exchange of technology; and

(f) Progress in establishing critical loads.

2. Such information shall, as far as possible, be submitted in accordance
with a uniform reporting framework.

Article 9
Calculations

EMEP shall, utilizing appropriate models and in good time before the
annual meetings of the Executive Body, provide to the Executive Body
calculations of nitrogen budgets and also of transboundary fluxes and
deposition of nitrogen oxides within the geographical scope of EMEP. In
areas outside the geographical scope of EMEP, models appropriate to the
particular circumstances of Parties to the Convention therein shall be
used.

Article 10
Technical Annex

The Technical Annex to the present Protocol is recommendatory in
character. It shall form an integral part of the Protocol.

Article 11
Amendments to the Protocol

1. Any Party may propose amendments to the present Protocol.

2. Proposed amendments shall be submitted in writing to the Executive
Secretary of the Commission who shall communicate them to all Parties.
The Executive Body shall discuss the proposed amendments at its next
annual meeting provided that these proposals have been circulated by the
Executive Secretary to the Parties at least ninety days in advance.

3. Amendments to the Protocol, other than amendments to its Technical
Annex, shall be adopted by consensus of the Parties present at a meeting
of the Executive Body, and shall enter into force for the Parties which
have accepted them on the ninetieth day after the date on which
two-thirds of the Parties have deposited their instruments of acceptance
thereof. Amendments shall enter into force for any Party which has
accepted them after two-thirds of the Parties have deposited their
instruments of acceptance of the amendment, on the ninetieth day after
the date on which that Party deposited its instrument of acceptance of
the amendments.

4. Amendments to the Technical Annex shall be adopted by consensus of the
Parties present at a meeting of the Executive Body and shall become
effective thirty days after the date on which they have been communicated
in accordance with paragraph 5 below.

5. Amendments under paragraphs 3 and 4 above shall, as soon as possible
after their adoption, be communicated by the Executive Secretary to all
Parties.

Article 12
Settlement of Disputes

If a dispute arises between two or more Parties as to the interpretation
or application of the present Protocol, they shall seek a solution by
negotiation or by any other method of dispute settlement acceptable to
the parties to the dispute.

Article 13
Signature

1. The present Protocol shall be open for signature at Sofia from 1
November 1988 until 4 November 1988 inclusive, then at the Headquarters
of the United Nations in New York until 5 May 1989, by the member States
of the Commission as well as States having consultative status with the
Commission, pursuant to paragraph 8 of Economic and Social Council
resolution 36 (IV) of 28 March 1947, and by regional economic integration
organizations, constituted by sovereign States members of the Commission,
which have competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and
application of international agreements in matters covered by the
Protocol, provided that the States and organizations concerned are
Parties to the Convention.

2. In matters within their competence, such regional economic integration
organizations shall, on their own behalf, exercise the rights and fulfil
the responsibilities which the present Protocol attributes to their
member States. In such cases, the member States of these organizations
shall not be entitled to exercise such rights individually.

Article 14
Ratification, acceptance, approval and accession

1. The present Protocol shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or
approval by Signatories.

2. The present Protocol shall be open for accession as from 6 May 1989 by
the States and organizations referred to in article 13, paragraph 1.

3. A State or organization which accedes to the present Protocol after 31
December 1993 may implement articles 2 and 4 no later than 31 December
1995.

4. The instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who
will perform the functions of depositary.

 

Article 14
Ratification, acceptance, approval and accession

1. The present Protocol shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or
approval by Signatories.

2. The present Protocol shall be open for accession as from 6 May 1989 by
the States and organizations referred to in article 13, paragraph 1.

3. A State or organization which accedes to the present Protocol after 31
December 1993 may implement articles 2 and 4 no later than 31 December
1995.

4. The instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession
shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who
will perform the functions of depositary.

 

Article 15
Entry into force

1. The present Protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day
following the date on which the sixteenth instrument of ratification,
acceptance, approval or accession has been deposited.

2. For each State and organization referred to in article 13, paragraph
1, which ratifies, accepts or approves the present Protocol or accedes
thereto after the deposit of the sixteenth instrument of ratification,
acceptance, approval, or accession, the Protocol shall enter into force
on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit by such Party of its
instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval, or accession.

Article 16
Withdrawal

At any time after five years from the date on which the present Protocol
has come into force with respect to a Party, that Party may withdraw from
it by giving written notification to the depositary. Any such withdrawal
shall take effect on the ninetieth day following the date of its receipt
by the depositary, or on such later date as may be specified in the
notification of the withdrawal.

Article 17
Authentic texts

The original of the present Protocol, of which the English, French and
Russian texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations.

In witness whereof the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have
signed the present Protocol.

Done at Sofia this thirty-first day of October one thousand nine hundred
and eighty-eight.

Conclusion

Notes

See Also

References and Further Reading

About the Author/s and Reviewer/s

Author: international

Mentioned in these Entries

Convention on Nitrogen Oxides, 1988, Settlement of Disputes.


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